TABLE 2. Year of initiation of surveillance for rubella and key surveillance performance indicator of nonmeasles, nonrubella discard rate, by country and year — World Health Organization South-East Asia Region, 2013–2021.
| Country | Year rubella surveillance activities initiated |
Discarded nonmeasles, nonrubella reporting rate* |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rubella† | Fever and rash§ | CRS¶ | 2013 | 2021 | |
| Bangladesh |
2008 |
2021 |
2012 |
1.1 |
2.00 |
| Bhutan |
2007 |
2015 |
2015 |
12.9 |
19.44 |
| Burma (Myanmar)** |
2008 |
2019 |
2016 |
0.34 |
0.03 |
| India |
2005 |
2019 |
2016 |
1.51 |
1.69 |
| Indonesia |
2008 |
2019 |
2014 |
0.54 |
0.69 |
| Maldives |
2014 |
2017 |
2015 |
0 |
4.21 |
| Nepal |
2007 |
2019 |
2014 |
0.90 |
9.97 |
| North Korea |
2006 |
2018 |
2015 |
0.26 |
1.60 |
| Sri Lanka |
2004 |
2015 |
1991 |
2.99 |
0.10 |
| Thailand†† |
1973 |
2018 |
1973 |
0.63 |
0.30 |
| Timor-Leste |
2009 |
2018 |
2016 |
0 |
2.43 |
| Total | NA | NA | NA | 0.91 | 1.52 |
Source: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/SEAR-MR-Bulletin-Q3-2021
Abbreviations: CRS = congenital rubella syndrome; NA = not applicable; SEAR = South-East Asia Region; WHO = World Health Organization.
* Discarded cases per 100,000 population. A discarded case is defined as a suspected case that has been investigated and determined to be neither measles nor rubella using 1) laboratory testing in a proficient laboratory or 2) epidemiologic linkage to a laboratory-confirmed outbreak of another communicable disease that is not measles or rubella. The discarded case rate is used to measure the sensitivity of measles-rubella surveillance.
† The year any form of CRS was initiated in the country. Countries defined a suspected measles/rubella case as “acute fever with maculopapular rash and at least one of the following: cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis.”
§ The year laboratory supported case-based surveillance with definition of a suspected measles/rubella case as “acute fever with maculopapular rash” was initiated in the country.
¶ The year any form of CRS surveillance was initiated in the country at national level.
** MMWR uses the U.S. Department of State’s short-form name “Burma”; WHO uses “Myanmar.”
†† CRS surveillance was initiated during 1973. At that time, the same reporting code was used for both rubella and CRS; however, during 2020, CRS was formally identified with its own reporting code separate from rubella.