Table 1.
Baseline patient and disease characteristics by tissue type.
| Characteristics | Overall cohort | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Pericardial | Porcine | P value | |
| Number of procedures | N = 801 | N = 483 | |
| Procedure type | <0.001 | ||
| Valve | 464 (57.9%) | 230 (47.6%) | |
| CABG/valve | 337 (42.1%) | 253 (52.4%) | |
| Age in years, % by group | 0.087 | ||
| <60 years | 98 (12.2%) | 38 (7.9%) | |
| 60–69 years | 197 (24.6%) | 127 (26.3%) | |
| 70–79 years | 376 (46.9%) | 243 (50.3%) | |
| >=80 years | 130 (16.2%) | 75 (15.5%) | |
| Mean | 71.0 (10.0) | 72.1 (8.7) | 0.043 |
| Female sex, % | 385 (48.1%) | 251 (52.0%) | 0.18 |
| Body surface area, % | 0.57 | ||
| <1.70 | 161 (20.1%) | 109 (22.6%) | |
| 1.70–1.99 | 356 (44.4%) | 207 (42.9%) | |
| >=2.00 | 284 (35.5%) | 167 (34.6%) | |
| Mean | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 0.29 |
| Preoperative WBC >12,000 μ/L, % | 72 (9.0%) | 39 (8.1%) | 0.57 |
| Prior PCI, % | 96 (12.0%) | 55 (11.4%) | 0.75 |
| Prior CABG, % | 41 (5.1%) | 25 (5.2%) | 0.96 |
| Comorbid disease, % | |||
| Vascular disease | 164 (20.5%) | 117 (24.2%) | 0.12 |
| Diabetes | 155 (19.4%) | 140 (29.0%) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 163 (20.3%) | 129 (26.7%) | 0.008 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 342 (42.7%) | 197 (40.8%) | 0.5 |
| Congestive heart failure | 446 (55.7%) | 293 (60.7%) | 0.08 |
| Dialysis or creatinine ≥2 mg/dL | 34 (4.2%) | 34 (7.0%) | 0.03 |
| NYHA class 4 | 137 (17.1%) | 103 (21.3%) | 0.06 |
| Prior stroke | 46 (5.7%) | 40 (8.3%) | 0.078 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 0.67 | ||
| <40 | 74 (9.2%) | 47 (9.7%) | |
| 40–49 | 92 (11.5%) | 65 (13.5%) | |
| 50–59 | 154 (19.2%) | 101 (20.9%) | |
| ≥60 | 380 (47.4%) | 213 (44.1%) | |
| Missing | 101 (12.6%) | 57 (11.8%) | |
| Mean | 55.9 (13.0) | 55.5 (12.8) | 0.68 |
| Coronary artery disease, % | 523 (65.3%) | 370 (76.6%) | <0.001 |
| Left main stenosis ≥50% | 63 (7.9%) | 52 (10.8%) | 0.078 |
| Number of diseased vessels | <0.001 | ||
| 1 | 78 (9.7%) | 66 (13.7%) | |
| 2 | 509 (63.5%) | 257 (53.2%) | |
| 3 | 100 (12.5%) | 61 (12.6%) | |
| Valve only | 114 (14.2%) | 99 (20.5%) | |
| Myocardial infarction within 7 days | 60 (7.5%) | 33 (6.8%) | 0.66 |
| Valve disease, % | 0.94 | ||
| Stenosis or regurgitation | 616 (79.0%) | 376 (79.2%) | |
| Stenosis and regurgitation | 164 (21.0%) | 99 (20.8%) | |
| Priority at surgery, % | 0.014 | ||
| Elective | 493 (61.5%) | 260 (53.8%) | |
| Urgent | 267 (33.3%) | 200 (41.4%) | |
| Emergency | 41 (5.1%) | 23 (4.8%) | |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WBC, white blood cells; NYHA, New York Heart Association.