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. 2023 Jul 7;11(13):e15767. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15767

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Changes in interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), reactive oxygen species, tissue expression of TGF‐ß and serum levels of TNF‐ in mice treated with warfarin and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC). (a) Changes in IFTA (calculated as the percentage of the renal cortex) in 5/6NE C57BL/6 and 5/6NE 129S1/SvImJ mice treated per os with warfarin alone or with warfarin and NAC. (b) Reactive oxygen species were measured as protein carbonyl concentration in the renal cortex in in 5/6NE C57BL/6 and 5/6NE 129S1/SvImJ mice treated per os with warfarin alone or with warfarin and NAC. (c) Changes in the expression of TGF‐ß in the kidney in 5/6NE mice treated with warfarin alone and warfarin + NAC. Percentage of the expression in the tubular epithelial cells was evaluaterd. (d) Serum TNF‐ɑ levels in 5/6NE mice treated with warfarin and warfarin + NAC. Blood was collected at the end of the studies (23 weeks after the ablative surgery).