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. 2023 Jul 7;13:11034. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38226-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Characterization of freeze dried adipose derived stem cell secretome. (a) FESEM image of freeze dried medium alone (that is without secretome), black arrows shows crystalline particles, (b) FESEM image of freeze dried secretome, black arrows shows acicular crystalline flakes suggesting protein and/or RNA content in SF; (c) Graphical plots of protein (n = 3) and RNA (n = 3) quantified showing higher concentrations of proteins, and also higher levels of RNA in SF; (d) Graphical plots of minerals profiled of Calcium, phosphorus and iron again showing increased content in SF, (e) estimated glucose levels showing negligible glucose in SF; (f) Scanned Image of SDS Page (M—Marker proteins, Lane 1—control and Lane 2—freeze dried secretome) confirming more numerous and higher protein content in SF compared to control; (g) Graphical plots of XRD analysis with the main peak confirming higher mineral content. (h) Graphical plots of FTIR analysis, with the peaks indicating higher lipid levels in SF. All graphical plots are mean ± SD values and differences between control and treatment concentrations were considered statistically significant for p value < 0.05 and is represented by (*).