Fig. 5.

Modes of microtubule nucleation in animals, plants and fungi. The Figure schematically illustrates common types of microtubule nucleation in multicellular eukaryotes. In animals, the centrosome with its two enclosed centrioles often serves as the center of microtubule nucleation. It is frequently located near the nucleus (N). In plants, microtubules can be nucleated at various sites on the nucleus, giving rise to perinuclear microtubules, or at the plasma membrane, yielding cortical microtubules. Fungi possess spindle pole bodies for the nucleation of microtubules. Spindle pole bodies are often embedded in the nuclear envelope. The scheme was inspired by a similar Figure published previously [187]