Table 4.

Association between symptoms recorded in the assessment of mental state at the time of the offense and legal insanity in cases of violent crime, stratified by schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, n = 191, risk ratios (RR) estimated by generalized linear mixed model

		Time of offense
		Schizophrenia			Other psychotic disordersc
Symptoms		Legal insanitya		RRb 95%CI	Legal insanity		RR 95% CI
		Yes	No		Yes	No
P1 Delusions	Present	33 (89.2)	4 (10.8)	1.10	23 (60.5)	15 (39.5)	6.42***
	Not/no infod	51 (81.0)	12 (19.0)	[0.94–1.30]	5 (9.4)	48 (90.6)	[2.64–15.6]
P2 Conceptual disorganization	Present	15 (88.2)	2 (11.8)	1.06	6 (60.0)	4 (40.0)	2.21*
	Not/no info	69 (83.1)	14 (16.9)	[0.87–1.29]	22 (27.2)	59 (72.8)	[1.17–4.17]
P3 Hallucina-tory behavior	Present	26 (92.9)	2 (7.1)	1.15	8 (53.3)	7 (46.7)	2.03*
	Not/no info	58 (80.6)	14 (19.4)	[0.99–1.35]	20 (26.3)	56 (73.7)	[1.16–3.53]
Psychotic symptomse	Present	61 (92.4)	5 (7.6)	1.37*	15 (48.4)	16 (21.6)	2.23**
	Not/no info	23 (67.6)	11 (32.4)	[1.05–1.78]	13 (21.7)	47 (78.3)	[1.22–4.10]
Impaired level of functione	Present	44 (93.6)	3 (6.4)	1.24*	14 (56.0)	11 (44.0)	2.64**
	Not/no info	40 (75.5)	13 (24.5)	[1.04–1.49]	14 (21.2)	52 (78.8)	[1.34–5.22]

^aThis refers to the conclusion of legal insanity at the time of the offense committed (in Norwegian legislation “Psychotic” in the legal sense). ^bRR = Risk ratio. ^cAll other diagnoses from F2 and F3-chapters, including SIPD, see Table 1. ^dThis category includes symptoms recorded as absent, and symptoms not mentioned. ^eThese are general terms used by the forensic experts in their description of a defendant’s mental state

^*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001