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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Acta Biomater. 2022 Jul 31;150:111–127. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.051

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

(A) The fraction of pixels positive for fluorescence plotted for each condition separated by polar protic, ionic, zwitterionic, or polar aprotic medium compared to the non-lyo condition represented by the dotted line. A one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD was performed on the samples comparing condition mean to non-lyo mean (n > 3), with significance reported at p < 0.05 (*), <0.01 (**), <0.005 (***), and <0.001 (****). (B) Representative maximum intensity projections and single Z-slices from the original Z-stack for eight lyophilization conditions with less than 20% positive pixels as indicated by the gray box in panel A (scale bar = 100 μm). (C) 3D volume renderings of confocal Z-stacks were made using IMARIS software and analyzed for sphericity. A one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD was performed on the samples comparing condition mean to non-lyo mean (n > 3), with significance reported at p < 0.05 (*), <0.01 (**), <0.005 (***), and <0.001 (****). (D) The medium conditions that significantly varied from non- lyo sphericity are shown as representative maximum intensity projections and single Z-slices from the original Z-stack (scale bar = 100 μm).