Findling 2011.

Methods	Multi‐center, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group trial Country: United States Number of study sites: 45 Statistical methods: modified ITT (last observation carried forward)
Participants	Sample size: 314 children/adolescents with an ADHD diagnosis according to DSM‐IV‐TR criteria Dropouts: 52 Psychiatric comorbid conditions: NR Age range: 13 years to 17 years Mean age (SD): 14.6 (1.31) years Sex: 249 (79%) males ADHD subtype: 203 (65%) combined
Interventions	Four interventions (312 children/adolescents participated in one of four interventions): Lisdexamphetamine (long acting), 30 mg/day, (n = 78*) Lisdexamphetamine (long acting), 50 mg/day (30 mg/day for week 1 with forced dose escalation to 50 mg/day for weeks 2 to 4), (n = 77*) Lisdexamphetamine, long acting, 70 mg/day (30 mg/day for week 1 with forced dose escalation to 50 mg/day for week 2 and 70 mg/day for weeks 3 to 4), (n = 78*) Placebo (n = 79) Duration: 28 days
Outcomes	Relevant outcomes: ADHD core symptom severity, assessed with ADHD Rating Scale, Fourth Version (clinician ratings) Clinical impression, assessed with Clinical Global Impression ‐ Severity and Clinical Global Impression ‐ Improvement scales Quality of life, assessed with Youth Quality of Life ‐ Research Version (YQOL‐R) Retention: proportion of participants who completed the trial Number of participants who dropped out due to lack of efficacy Number of participants who experienced at least one adverse event Number of participants who dropped out due to any adverse event Adverse events
Notes	ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00735371 Authors' affiliation: university and pharmaceutical industry Study funding: pharmaceutical industry *Numbers are based on participants included in the safety analysis
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Sequence generated by a web‐based computer system
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Allocation concealment ensured using the web‐based computer system and third party, which serially numbered treatment bottles for each participant
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Moderate attrition (16%). However, 98% of randomized children/adolescents included in primary efficacy analysis. Reasons for dropouts provided
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Data provided on all outcomes listed in the registered protocol. Study appears to be free of selective reporting
Other bias	Low risk	Study appears to be free of other biases
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Blinding of participants and personnel not described
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Blinding of outcome assessment not described