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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Perinatol. 2023 Feb 3;43(7):849–855. doi: 10.1038/s41372-023-01625-4

Table 3:

Indications for cesarean delivery

Maternal Cardiac Disease
Overall
(N=4,283)
No
(N=4,191)
Yes
(N=92)
p-value
Mean (Standard Deviation) or %
Repeat Elective 1,102 (25.7) 1,080 (25.8) 22 (23.9) 0.69
Non-reassuring FHT 877 (20.5) 858 (20.5) 19 (20.7) 0.97
Arrest of descent 506 (11.8) 496 (11.8) 10 (10.9) 0.78
Malpresentation 331 (7.7) 323 (7.7) 8 (8.7) 0.73
Other 311 (7.3) 304 (7.3) 7 (7.6) 0.9
Primary Elective 203 (4.7) 198 (4.7) 5 (5.4) 0.75
Remote Preeclampsia 157 (3.7) 153 (3.7) 4 (4.3) 0.72
Prolonged Active Phase 137 (3.2) 134 (3.2) 3 (3.3) 0.97
Multiples 87 (2.0) 85 (2.0) 2 (2.2) 0.92
Prolonged Latent Phase 82 (1.9) 82 (2.0) 0 (0.0) 0.18
Suspected CPD 70 (1.6) 70 (1.7) 0 (0.0) 0.21
Placental Abruption 46 (1.1) 44 (1.0) 2 (2.2) 0.3
Maternal Condition 35 (0.8) 31 (0.7) 4 (4.3) <0.001
Suspected Macrosomia 34 (0.8) 32 (0.8) 2 (2.2) 0.13
Failed operative delivery 30 (0.7) 29 (0.7) 1 (1.1) 0.65
Fetal Anomaly 27 (0.6) 27 (0.6) 0 (0.0) 0.44
Prolapsed Cord 20 (0.5) 20 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 0.51
Suspected Rupture 18 (0.4) 18 (0.4) 0 (0.0) 0.53
Fetal Condition 13 (0.3) 13 (0.3) 0 (0.0) 0.59
Cerclage in Place 5 (0.1) 5 (0.1) 0 (0.0) 0.74
Abnormal Placentation 5 (0.1) 4 (0.1) 1 (1.1) 0.006

P-values by t-test for continuous variables and chi2 test for binary / categorical variables

CPD: cephalopelvic Disproportion, FHT: Fetal heart rate tracing