Table 5. Associations between physical activity and exercise variables and changes in outcome measures.

Linear or logistic (^† Y=1, N=0) regression models; the study groups were pooled and all adjusted for the baseline value of the outcome measure of interest. Abbreviations: 6MWD, six-minute walk distance (meters); 5xSTS (seconds), five-time sit-to-stand; grip, handgrip strength (kg); arm curls (repetitions); 3MWT, 3-meter walk test (seconds); SMI, skeletal muscle index (cm²/m²); SMD, skeletal muscle density ( Hounsfield units); LOS, length of stay (days).

		6MWD	5xSTS	Grip	Arm curls	3MWT	PROMIS score	FACT- Hep	SMI	SMD	Surgical resection†	LOS	Readmission†	Grade 3 complication(s)†
Self-reported weekly moderate-to-strenuous exercise minutes	n	100	96	100	98	99	89	91	91	91	101	62	62	62
	β ± SD	0.1 ± 0.04	−0.003 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.003	0.006 ± 0.002	0.000 ± 0.000	0.01 ± 0.004	0.02 ± 0.01	0.008 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.005	0.004 ± 0.002	0.003 ± 0.002	−0.01 ± 0.4	−0.002 ± 0.002
	P	0.01	0.09	0.03	0.02	0.4	0.006	0.10	0.004	0.6	0.03	0.1	0.01	0.4
Self-reported weekly strength training sessions	n	100	96	100	98	99	89	91	91	91	101	62	62	62
	β ± SD	0.4 ± 3.5	−0.1 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.2	0.02 ± 0.02	−0.05 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 0.3	0.2 ± 0.4	0.08 ± 0.1	−0.1 ± 0.2	−0.3 ± 0.2	−0.1 ± 0.2
	P	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.09	0.3	0.9	0.2	0.3	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.1	0.9
Weekly objectively-measured active minutes	N	96	92	95	94	93	73	74	90	90	112	59	59	59
	β ± SD	0.08 ± 0.05	−0.002 ± 0.002	0.009 ± 0.003	0.004 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.01 ± 0.004	0.01 ± 0.02	0.009 ± 0.004	−0.001 ± 0.006	0.000 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.003	−0.004 ± 0.003	−0.004 ± 0.003
	P	0.09	0.4	0.02	0.2	0.7	0.02	0.4	0.02	0.9	0.8	0.3	0.1	0.3
Daily objectively-measured step count	n	96	92	95	94	93	73	74	90	90	112	59	59	59
	β ± SD	0.008 ± 0.003	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.001	0.000 ± 0.000	0.001 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000	0.000 ± 0.000
	P	0.01	0.04	0.009	0.2	0.07	0.001	0.4	0.09	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.08	0.1