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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Immigr Minor Health. 2023 Mar 26;25(4):790–802. doi: 10.1007/s10903-023-01469-2

Table 2.

Mean responses and correlations between individual survey items

Subscale Item Mean (SD) Inter-item correlations

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6 Item 7 Item 8 Item 9 Item 10 Item 11 Item 12 Item 13 Item 14

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) CAM1: How often did your child’s doctors ask if your child uses alternative medicines? 3.21 (1.70) - 0.72 0.43 0.33 0.45 0.41 0.47 0.09 0.00 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.45
CAM2: How often did your child’s doctors ask you about whether your child uses any traditional or home remedies? 2.70 (1.64) - - 0.37 0.28 0.46 0.51 0.58 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.37
Causal attribution of health problem (CAUSAL) CAUSALI: How often did your child’s doctors seem interested in what you thought might be causing your child’s health problem? 4.18 (1.33) - - - 0.75 0.29 0.25 0.24 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.02 −0.01 0.03 0.28
CAUSAL2: How often did your child’s doctors really listen to what you thought was causing your child’s health problem? 4.37 (1.18) - - - - 0.34 0.35 0.24 0.00 0.05 0.04 −0.02 −0.06 −0.01 0.26
Family involvement (FAM) FAM1: How often did your child’s doctors ask if you wanted to include a family member or a friend during your child’s medical visit? 2.79(1.71) - - - - - 0.70 0.69 0.10 0.10 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.11 0.41
FAM2: How often did your child’s doctor ask if you wanted to talk to your family or friends before mak- ing a decision about your child’s treat- ment? 2.68 (1.66) - - - - - - 0.75 0.18 0.17 0.22 0.16 0.14 0.15 0.37
Spirituality (SPIR) SPIR 1: How often did your child’s doctors ask if you had any religious or spiritual beliefs that might influ- ence your children’s health or health care? 2.33 (1.67) - - - - - - - 0.23 0.16 0.27 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.36
Discrimination due to education (DIS_ED)a DIS_ED1: How often did your child’s doctors make negative assump- tions about your level of education? 1.18 (0.73) - - - - - - - - 0.81 0.89 0.70 0.69 0.66 0.04
DIS_ED2: How often did your child’s doctors assume that you would not understand their explanations? 1.23 (0.77) - - - - - - - - - 0.81 0.67 0.66 0.67 0.11
Discrimination due to race/ethnicity (DIS_ RACE)a DIS_RACE1: How often did your child’s doctors pay less attention to you because of your race or ethnicity? 1.15 (0.67) - - - - - - - - - - 0.79 0.78 0.75 0.10
DIS_RACE2. How often did you feel discriminated against by your child’s doctors because of your race or ethnicity? 1.10(0.56) - - - - - - - - - - - 0.98 0.95 0.13
Staffdis-discrimination due to race/ethnicity (STAFF_DIS_RACE)a STAFF_DIS_RACE1. How often did you feel discriminated against by office staff because of your race or ethnicity? 1.12(0.58) - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.96 0.11
STAFF_DIS_RACE2. How often did office staff make negative assumptions about you because of your race or ethnicity? 1.12(0.58) - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.10
Sensitivity to language needs (LANG) LANG1: How often did your child’s doctors or office staff ask what language you want to speak in? 2.82 (1.69) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Survey items were adapted from Napoles et al. (2010). Respondents were asked how often, on average, their doctor did each survey item. Possible responses were 1 = Never, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Usually, and 5 = Always

a

Indicates items were reverse coded