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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer. 2023 Apr 9;129(15):2373–2384. doi: 10.1002/cncr.34783

Table 3.

Sexual history and substance use in study population, by at-risk determination based on HPV biomarker detection.

N (%)

Characteristics At-riska Not at-riskb P-valuec Subset with HPV16 Biomarkers detectedd

N=248 N=860 N=41

Lifetime number of people performed oral sex on
 ≤5 97 (39.4) 371 (43.3) 0.04 13 (32.5)
 6–10 54 (22.0) 201 (23.4) 9 (22.5)
 11–50 64 (26.0) 225 (26.3) 13 (32.5)
 ≥51 31 (12.6) 60 (7.0) 5 (12.5)
Marijuana use
 Never 139 (56.0) 459 (53.4) 0.73 20 (48.8)
 Former 76 (30.7) 285 (33.2) 16 (39.0)
 Current 33 (13.3) 115 (13.4) 5 (12.2)
Cigarette use
 Never 149 (60.1) 512 (59.6) 0.64 22 (53.6)
 Former 68 (27.4) 255 (29.7) 15 (36.6)
 Current 31 (12.5) 92 (10.7) 4 (9.8)
Ever e-cigarette use 16 (6.5) 76 (8.8) 0.23 3 (7.3)
Current alcohol use 145 (58.7) 547 (63.7) 0.15 28 (70.0)
Ever used an opioid pain reliever 156 (72.2) 516 (68.3) 0.27 27 (84.4)

Median (IQR) Median (IQR)

Lifetime number of people performed oral sex on 8 (4,25) 6 (4,15) 0.14 9.0 (4.5,41.5)
Lifetime number of any sex partners 15 (7,50) 12 (7,30) 0.051 24.5 (7.5,55)
Age first performed oral sex 18 (16,21) 18 (16,21) 0.48 18.0 (16,21.5)
Sex-years 4.5 (2.1,12.5) 4.2 (2.0,8.8) 0.45 7.2 (2.2,20.9)
Among ever marijuana users: Joint years  3.7 (0.1, 23) 0.4 (0, 4.3) 0.01 3.2 (0.4, 25.3)
Among ever smokers: packyears 15.8 (6.5, 32) 13.4 (4.8, 25.2) 0.37 15.6 (8.5, 26.6)
Among ever drinkers: Drink years  10.3 (5.6, 44.4) 14.7 (5.1, 38.4) 0.25 7.5 (5.9,18.8)
a

Among At-risk, N=17 had both positive rinse and blood, while 69 were categorized as positive based only on rinse, and 162 categorized as positive based only on blood.

b

Among those Not at-risk, N=758 were categorized based on both rinse and blood results being negative, 99 based on rinse only being negative (since blood not collected or results not yet available) and 3 based on blood only being negative (since rinse not collected or results not yet available).

c

P-value was tested for differences using chi-squared for categorical variables and K-sample equality-of-median tests for continuous variables

d

To be classified as positive in this group, needed to have either HPV16 oral DNA and/or HPV16 E6 seropositivity. 114 people who only had oral rinse (n=111) or only had blood (n=3) results for HPV16 were classified for this group by that single test.