TABLE 2.
Published Values Using Various Cardiac MRF Techniques
| Study and Field Strength | Quantitative Properties Obtained Via Cardiac MRF Framework |
Cardiac MRF Values (Mean ± SD) | Conventional Mapping Sequences Values (Mean ± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Original cardiac MRF (3 T)147 | Native myocardial T1, T2, M0 | T1: 1213 ± 75 ms T2: 35 ± 4 ms |
MOLLI T1: 1257 ± 61 ms T2 bSSFP: 42 ± 5 ms |
| MRF with corrected confounders (3 T)148 | Native myocardial T1, T2, M0 | T1: 1323 ± 47 ms T2: 37 ± 4 ms |
MOLLI T1: 1227 ± 30 ms T2 FLASH: 38 ± 3 ms |
| Simultaneous multislice MRF (3 T)153 | Native myocardial T1, T2 | T1: 1320 ± 52 ms T2: 32 ± 1 ms |
MOLLI T1: 1242 ± 32 ms T2 FLASH: 38 ± 2 ms |
| Water-fat Dixon MRF (1.5 T)159 | Native myocardial water-specific T1, T2, and FF | T1: 1045 ± 32 ms T2: 43 ± 3 ms FF in septum: 1.3% ± 3% |
MOLLI T1: 1026 ± 28 ms SASHAT1: 1129 ± 38 ms T2 GRASE: 52 ± 2 ms Good correlation with in vivo PDFF mapping: R2 > 0.98 |
| Cine MRF (3 T)155 | Native myocardial T1, T2, and LVEF | T1 diastole/systole: 1398/1391 ms T2 diastole/systole: 31/30 ms LVEF: mean bias −1.0% (95% LoA −3.4%, 1.3%) |
MOLLI T1 diastole/systole: 1234/1212 ms T2-bSSFP diastole/systole: 38/41 ms |
| Free-running (non-ECG triggered) MRF (1.5 T)156 | Native myocardial T1, T2, and LVEF | T1: 1160 ± 79 ms T2: 45 ± 4 ms LVEF: mean bias −0.83% (95% LoA −5.8%, 4.1%) |
MOLLI T1: 1043 ± 48 ms SASHA T1: 1150 ± 100 ms T2 GRASE: 52 ± 4 ms |
| 3D free-breathing MRF (1.5 T)154 | Native myocardial T1, T2 | T1: 1093 ± 24 ms T2: 45 ± 2 ms |
MOLLI T1: 1054 ± 19 ms SASHA T1: 1146 ± 20 ms T2 GRASE: 52 ± 2 ms |
| Rosette MRF for water-fat separation (1.5 T and 3 T)161 | Native myocardial T1, T2 | T1 at 3 T: 1329 ± 35 ms T1 at 1.5 T: 1044 ± 30 ms T2 at 3 T: 33 ± 2 ms* T2 at 1.5 T: 39 ± 1 ms* |
MOLLI T1 at 3 T: 1205 ± 31 ms MOLLI T1 at 1.5 T: 996 ± 18 ms T2 FLASH at 3 T: 39 ± 1 ms T2 bSSFP at 1.5 T: 47 ± 1 ms |
| Rosette MRF for water-fat separation and PDFF (1.5 T)162 | Native myocardial T1, T2, and PDFF | T1: 1081 ± 32 ms T2: 41 ± 1 ms PDFF: 0.4% (range, −4.5% to 5.7%) |
MOLLI T1: 1054 ± 19 ms T2 bSSFP: 46 ± 2 ms No comparison sequence for PDFF |
| T1rho MRF (1.5 T)157 | Native myocardial T1, T2, and T1rho | T1: 1133 ± 33 ms T2: 39 ± 4 ms T1rho: 52 ± 4 ms |
MOLLI T1: 1053 ± 47 ms T2-GRASE: 51 ± 4 ms T1rho turbo field echo: 56 ± 2 ms |
| Low-rank motion corrected MRF (1.5 T)158 | Native myocardial T1, T2, T2*, and FF | T1: 1148 ± 17 ms T2: 43 ± 1 ms T2*: 35 ± 2 ms FF: 0.8% ± 0.2% |
MOLLI T1: 1056 ± 11 ms T2 GRASE: 51 ± 1 ms T2* GRE: 40 ± 6 ms FF: 0.3% ± 0.9% |
| Shortened diastolic acquisition window MRF (1.5 T)163 | Native myocardial T1, T2, and postcontrast T1 9 healthy volunteers: both 250 ms diastolic window (MRF250ms) and 154 ms diastolic window (MRF154ms) acquired 61 patients referred for cardiac MRI: MRF154ms acquired only |
9 healthy volunteers: Native T1: MRF154ms: 1020 ± 45 ms; MRF250ms: 1026 ± 34 ms Native T2: MRF154ms: 42.4 ± 2.4 ms; MRF250ms: 38.5 ± 2.6 ms 61 patients: Native T1: MRF154ms: 1015 ± 61 ms Native T2: MRF154ms: 44.5 ± 5.5 ms; postcontrast T1: MRF154ms: 395 ± 50 ms; ECV: MRF154ms: 28.4% ± 4.8% |
9 healthy volunteers: MOLLI T1: 1005 ± 20 ms T2 bSSFP: 45.4 ± 2.0 ms 61 patients: MOLLI T1: 1029 ± 53 ms T2 bSSFP: 46.4 ± 3.7 ms Postcontrast MOLLI T1: 444 ± 53 ms ECV MOLLI: 26.0% ± 4.0% |
Comparison is provided to conventional mapping techniques.
*
Rosette MRF T2 values were higher than original spiral MRF T2 (P < 0.05, differences 3–5 ms).
MRF, magnetic resonance fingerprinting; MOLLI, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery; bSSFP, balanced steady state free precession; SASHA, saturation recovery shingle-shot acquisition; PDFF, proton density fat fraction; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; ECG, electrocardiogram; FF, fat fraction; GRASE, gradient spin echo; FLASH, fast low angle shot.