Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the MD Anderson cohort for (A) overall survival for training, (B) overall survival for validation, (C) overall survival for testing, (D) progression-free survival for training, (E) progression-free survival for validation, and (F) progression-free survival for testing. (G) Kaplan-Meier survival curve for external validation on the Stanford set. Joint stratification by Deep-CT and PD-L1 expression levels in patients treated with (H) immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy and (I) combination immune checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy. HR=hazard ratio.