Table 2.
Admission Mania and Depression Symptom Scores
| |
Full sample |
BD-I |
BD-II |
MDD |
MDD+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 598 |
39 |
84 |
422 |
53 |
|
| Young Mania Rating Scale | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Elevated mood | 0.91 (1.3) | 0.87 (1.3)b | 1.68 (1.5)a,c,d | 0.81 (1.2)b | 0.53 (1.1)b |
| Motor activity | 0.89 (1.0) | 1.3 (1.1)c,d | 1.33 (1.2)c,d | 0.78 (0.9)a,b | 0.75 (0.9)a,b |
| Hypersexuality | 0.16 (0.5) | 0.44 (0.8)c,d | 0.31 (0.7)c,d | 0.12 (0.4)a,b | 0.06 (0.3)a,b |
| Decreased need for sleep | 0.88 (1.2) | 1.15 (1.4) | 1.26 (1.4)c | 0.76 (1.1)b | 1.02 (1.2) |
| Irritable mood | 1.22 (1.6) | 2.62 (1.7) | 2.62 (1.5)c | 2.11 (1.6)b | 2.15 (1.6) |
| Pressured speech | 0.98 (1.7) | 1.28 (1.9) | 1.9 (2.1)c,d | 0.75 (1.5)b | 1.09 (1.7)b |
| Thought disturbance | 1.25 (0.9) | 1.54 (1.0)c | 1.55 (1.1)c | 1.13 (0.9a,b,d | 1.57 (0.7)c |
| Thought content | 1.06 (2.6) | 3.49 (3.9)b,c,d | 1.12 (2.5)a,c,d | 0.29 (1.4)a,b,d | 5.36 (3.7)a,b,c |
| Aggressive behavior | 0.85 (1.4) | 1.03 (1.4) | 1.26 (1.6)c | 0.73 (1.3)b | 1.02 (1.5) |
| Appearance | 0.45 (0.6) | 0.51 (0.6) | 0.45 (0.5) | 0.44 (0.6) | 0.51 (0.6) |
| Insight | 0.23 (0.9) | 0.21 (0.8) | 0.31 (1.0) | 0.22 (0.8) | 0.21 (0.9) |
| YMRS total score | 9.90 (5.9) | 14.44 (7.4)c | 13.8 (6.5)c | 8.15 (4.6)a,b,d | 14.26 (6.6)c |
| Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression | Mean (SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressed mood |
2.53 (1.0) |
2.51 (1.0) |
2.52 (1) |
2.5 (1.1) |
2.75 (0.8) |
| Guilt |
2.41 (1.7) |
2.95 (1.4) |
2.45 (1.7) |
2.26 (1.7)d |
3.17 (1.4)c |
| Suicidal thoughts |
2.63 (1.0) |
2.62 (1.1) |
2.82 (0.8) |
2.59 (1.1) |
2.68 (1.1) |
| Initial insomnia |
1.05 (1.0) |
0.85 (1.1) |
1.27 (0.9) |
1.02 (1.1) |
1.05 (1.1) |
| Middle insomnia |
0.53 (0.7) |
0.59 (0.7) |
0.79 (0.8)c |
0.46 (0.7)b |
0.58 (0.7) |
| Delayed insomnia |
0.32 (0.6) |
0.46 (0.8) |
0.4 (0.6) |
0.28 (0.6) |
0.32 (0.6) |
| Work and interests |
2.54 (1.4) |
2.74 (1.3) |
2.68 (1.5) |
2.43 (1.4)d |
2.98 (1.2)c |
| Psychomotor retardation |
0.31 (0.7) |
0.36 (0.8) |
0.15 (0.4) |
0.34 (0.7) |
0.3 (0.6) |
| Psychomotor agitation |
0.57 (0.6) |
0.69 (0.6) |
0.49 (0.5) |
0.58 (0.6) |
0.51 (0.5) |
| Psychic anxiety |
2.02 (1.5) |
2.15 (1.6) |
1.95 (1.6)d |
1.94 (1.4)d |
2.64 (1.4)b,c |
| Somatic anxiety |
1.84 (1.6) |
2.13 (1.6) |
1.88 (1.6)d |
1.72 (1.6) |
2.55 (1.4)b |
| Appetite |
0.53 (0.7) |
0.54 (0.7) |
0.61 (0.7) |
0.48 (0.7)d |
0.81 (0.8)c |
| Somatic energy |
1.05 (0.8) |
1.41 (0.7)c |
1.23 (0.9)c |
0.96 (0.8)a,b,d |
1.28 (0.7)b |
| Libido |
0.23 (0.5) |
0.31 (0.5) |
0.29 (0.6) |
0.21 (0.5) |
0.28 (0.6) |
| Hypochondriasis |
0.14 (0.4) |
0.38 (0.7)b,c |
0.11 (0.3)a |
0.11 (0.4)a |
0.25 (0.6) |
| Loss of insight |
0.11 (0.4) |
0.1 (0.4) |
0.19 (0.6) |
0.1 (0.4) |
0.08 (0.3) |
| Weight loss |
0.18 (0.4) |
0.31 (0.6) |
0.19 (0.5) |
0.15 (0.4) |
0.28 (0.5) |
| Diurnal variation |
0.00 (0.1) |
0.36 (0.7) |
0.48 (0.7) |
0.36 (0.7) |
0.47 (0.8) |
| Depersonalization and derealization |
0.39 (0.7) |
0.38 (0.6) |
0.27 (0.5)d |
0.18 (0.4)d |
0.58 (0.7)b,c |
| Paranoid symptoms |
0.24 (0.5) |
0.87 (1.3)b,c |
0.27 (0.5)a,d |
0.24 (0.5)a,d |
0.81 (1.1)b,c |
| Obsessional and compulsive symptoms |
0.24 (0.5) |
0.26 (0.6) |
0.25 (0.5) |
0.22 (0.5) |
0.42 (0.7) |
| Helplessness |
0.93 (1.1) |
1.05 (1.1) |
0.83 (1.0) |
0.92 (1.1) |
1.08 (1.1) |
| Hopelessness |
2.02 (1.6) |
2.38 (1.7) |
1.87 (1.6) |
1.99 (1.6) |
2.3 (1.7) |
| Worthlessness |
2.44 (1.8) |
2.87 (1.6) |
2.45 (1.8) |
2.3 (1.8)d |
3.19 (1.5)c |
| Total | 25.57 (9.9) | 29.28 (9.1)c | 26.45 (9.8)d | 24.33 (9.7)a,d | 31.34 (9.3)b,c |
a
Different from BD-I, p < 0.05.
b
Different from BD-II, p < 0.05.
c
Different from MDD, p < 0.05.
d
Different from MDD+ psychosis/mixed symptoms, p < 0.05.
BD, bipolar disorder; MDD, major depressive disorder; MDD+, major depressive disorder with psychosis and/or mixed features.