Table 3.
Data on the impact of COVID-19 disruptions on vaccination uptake.
| Study | Population | Country (year) |
Changes in Vaccination Uptake |
|---|---|---|---|
| Measles vaccine | |||
| PHE48 | Infants (Population-level data) | England (2020–2021) | In July 2021, 87% of infants completed the 3-dose course of Hexavalent vaccine by 6 months of age – this was a 2.2% reduction compared with July 2019, but 0.5% increase compared with July 2020. 87.5% of infants were vaccinated with MMR1 by 18 months of age – this was a 0.7% reduction compared with July 2019 and 0.5% increase compared with July 2020. |
| PHE49 | General population (Population-level data) | England (2020–2021) | For children scheduled to receive the MMR1 vaccine from March 2020 onward, vaccine coverage measured at 18 months of age remained approximately 86.0%. In May 2021, 86.4% of infants were vaccinated with MMR1 by 18 months of age – this was 1.7% and 1.5% lower than May 2019 and May 2020, respectively. |
| Meningococcal vaccine | |||
| PHE50 | Children (Population-level data) | England (2020–2021) | Average vaccine coverage where NHS school-aged providers delivered the MenACWY vaccine to year 9 students in 2019 to 2020 was 58.3% compared to 88.0% in 2018 to 2019. |
| HPV vaccine | |||
| PHE51 | Children (Population-level data) | England (2019–2020) | In 2019 to 2020 the HPV vaccine coverage of the priming dose for year 8 females was 59.2% in England, which was a 28.8% reduction from 2018 to 2019. Coverage was 88.0% in 2018/2019. HPV vaccine coverage of the second dose for year 9 females was 64.7% in England, which was a 19.2% reduction compared with 83.9% in 2018 to 2019. |
| Td/IPV vaccine | |||
| PHE52 | Children (Population-level data) | England (2019–2020) | In 2019 to 2020, the average vaccine coverage in the Las where NHS providers delivered the Td/IPV vaccine to year 9 students was 57.6% compared with 87.6% in 2018 to 2019.Year 10 coverage for the Td/IPV vaccine was 86.4%, compared with 86.0% in 2018 to 2019. Coverage ranged from 35.3% in Bolton to 98.4% in Northamptonshire. |
| Pertussis vaccine | |||
| PHE53 | Pregnant women (Population-level data) | England (2020–2021) | Monthly prenatal pertussis vaccine coverage for the second quarter of 2021 decreased from 66.1% in April to 63.1% in May, and then increased to 64.4% in June 2021. Between April to June 2021, the difference between the highest and lowest prenatal pertussis vaccine coverage by STP for each month was around 50%, which was similar for the first quarter of 2021. |
| Shingles vaccine | |||
| PHE54 | Elderly (Population-level data) | England (2020–2021) | In March 2021, 33.8% of adults turning 70 during quarter 1 were vaccinated, which was a 4.4% reduction compared with March 2020 and 4.5% reduction compared with March 2019. 30.4% of adults turning 70 during quarter 2 were vaccinated, which was a 4% reduction compared with March 2020 and 4% compared with March 2019. 18.5% of adults turning 70 during quarter 3 were vaccinated, which was a 3% reduction compared with March 2020 and 3.7% compared with March 2019. |
| PHE55 | Elderly (Population-level data) | England (2019–2020) | 26.5% of those who turned 70 and 25.8% of those who turned 78 during 2019 and 2020 (from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020) were vaccinated by the end of June 2020, compared to 2018 to 2019, vaccine coverage decreased by 5.4% for 70-year-olds and 7.1% for 78-year-olds. |
| Multiple vaccines | |||
| CDC56 | Children (Population-level data) | Worldwide (2021) | From 2010 to 2019, coverage ranged from 89% to 90% for DTP1 and from 84% to 86% for DTP3. From 2019 to 2020, coverage declined from 90% to 87% for DTP1 and from 86% to 83% for DTP3. From 2010 to 2019, coverage with MCV1 stagnated between 84% and 86%, while MCV2 coverage increased from 42% to 71%. From 2019 to 2020, MCV1 coverage decreased to 84%, whereas MCV2 coverage was relatively stable at 71% and 70%, respectively. |
| WHO57 | Children (Population-level data) | Worldwide (2019–2020) | In 2020 the coverage dropped to 83% for DTP3, leaving 22.7 million children vulnerable. Regions with the strictest COVID-19 response measures experienced the largest increases in zero-dose children, because service provision and especially outreach activities were affected. Only 19 vaccine introductions were reported, less than half of any year in the past two decades. Coverage dropped to 84% for MCV1, the lowest level since 2010, leaving 22.3 million children vulnerable to measles. An additional 18.2 million children received only the first dose |
Abbreviations: CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; DTP = diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis; HPV = human papillomavirus; IPV = inactivated poliovirus vaccine; MCV1 = measles vaccination; MenACWY = meningococcal conjugate vaccine; MMR = measles, mumps, and rubella; NHS = National Health Service; PHE = Public Health England; STP = Sustainability and Transformation Plan; Td = tetanus and diphtheria; UK = United Kingdom; WHO = World Health Organization.