Table 2.
The Effects of Stress and Sleep Reactivity on Objective Sleep Parameters
| Items | Stress Groups | Control Groups | Stress Effect | SR Effect | Stress × SR | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H-SR | L-SR | H-SR | L-SR | Statistics | P values | Statistics | P values | Statistics | P values | |
| TST (min) | 321.0±65.7 | 414.0±69.4 | 405.8±67.9 | 445.6±33.5 | F = 14.130 | < 0.001 | F = 18.383 | < 0.001 | F = 2.947 | 0.091 |
| WASO (min) | 65.0 (36.5, 107.5) | 14.0 (10.8, 31.0) | 72.3 (39.9, 112.5) | 23.5 (14.5, 34.3) | H = 0.699 | 0.403 | H = 22.523 | < 0.001 | H = 0.238 | 0.625 |
| SE (%) | 74.8±14.1 | 92.7 (90.5, 96.1) | 85.9 (80.0, 90.1) | 93.0 (88.8, 95.4) | H = 1.132 | 0.287 | H = 22.805 | < 0.001 | H = 0.910 | 0.340 |
| SL (min) | 31.4±20.6 | 9.0 (5.3, 16.3) | 10.9±8.2 | 7.0 (4.5, 10.4) | H = 6.000 | 0.014 | H = 4.760 | 0.029 | H = 2.312 | 0.128 |
| REM-L (min) | 111.5 (91.9, 228.4) | 89.5 (70.3, 146.0) | 92.5 (72.8, 152.3) | 76.8 (64.5, 99.4) | H = 4.011 | 0.045 | H = 4.854 | 0.028 | H = 0.092 | 0.762 |
| REM (min) | 43.3±21.4 | 76.8±23.9 | 76.5±27.6 | 88.1±12.1 | F = 9.588 | 0.003 | F = 11.678 | 0.001 | F = 4.811 | 0.032 |
| REM density | 7.3±2.6 | 6.8±2.1 | 5.2±1.9 | 5.8±1.8 | F = 8.155 | 0.006 | F = 0.013 | 0.909 | F = 0.951 | 0.334 |
| N1 (min) | 37.8±19.1 | 34.6±14.8 | 51.0±22.9 | 40.1±13.3 | F = 4.344 | 0.042 | F = 2.455 | 0.123 | F = 0.751 | 0.390 |
| N2 (min) | 173.0 (137.5, 209.5) | 221.0 (175.0, 278.3) | 217.8 (186.8, 244.5) | 234.3 (222.0, 260.8) | H = 6.915 | 0.009 | H = 9.116 | 0.003 | H = 0.762 | 0.383 |
| N3 (min) | 63.3±26.3 | 82.9±38.6 | 70.9±35.4 | 81.4±29.5 | F = 0.129 | 0.721 | F = 3.228 | 0.078 | F = 0.294 | 0.590 |
| REM% | 13.3±5.9 | 18.3±5.0 | 18.2±5.3 | 18.8±3.9 | F = 4.362 | 0.041 | F = 4.566 | 0.037 | F = 2.720 | 0.105 |
| N1% | 11.3±4.1 | 8.5±3.5 | 12.8±5.6 | 9.1±3.2 | F = 1.036 | 0.313 | F = 9.709 | 0.003 | F = 0.185 | 0.669 |
| N2% | 53.8±8.2 | 52.5±9.7 | 52.2±6.2 | 54.0±6.6 | F = 0.002 | 0.968 | F = 0.018 | 0.893 | F = 0.584 | 0.448 |
| N3% | 19.9±7.9 | 20.7±9.8 | 17.8±8.0 | 18.1±5.8 | F = 1.389 | 0.243 | F = 0.076 | 0.784 | F = 0.014 | 0.906 |
Notes: Normally or approximately normally distributed variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed using two-way ANOVA; non-normally distributed variables are presented as P50 (P25, P75) and were analyzed using Scheirer–Ray–Hare test; Significant results (P < 0.05) are in bold.
Abbreviations: H-SR or L-SR, high or low sleep reactivity; N1–3, non-rapid eye movement sleep stages 1–3; N1–3%, percentage of sleep stage 1–3; REM and REM%, rapid eye movement sleep and its percentage; REM-L, REM sleep latency; SE, sleep efficiency; SL, sleep latency; TST, the total sleep time; WASO, the cumulative duration of wakefulness after sleep onset.