Table 2.

Meaning of Spiritual Care in Nursing Students.

Significant finding	Sub-theme	n (%)	Theme	n (%)
Respecting the patient’s religion Providing care based on his or her own religion Connecting with religious leaders Helping to build a relationship with a religious authority Praying as religious meditation	Providing religious help	52 (14.8)	Promoting spiritual well-being	116 (33.0)
Responding to the patient’s spirituality beyond religion Helping the patient to lead a spiritual existence Identifying and meeting spiritual needs Helping to maintain spiritual well-being	Caring for the patient as a spiritual being	36 (10.2)
Preserving human dignity regardless of religion Providing care based on the value of the human being Respecting the patient’s choices and human rights	Presupposing human dignity regardless of religion	28 (8.0)
Focusing on the patient’s mental well-being and providing comfort Approaching the patient sincerely and with affection Considering and supporting the patient	Considering the perspective of the patient	37 (10.5)	Taking place in actual nursing practice	110 (31.3)
Understanding the patient’s suffering and responding Reducing the patient’s anxiety Relieving stress and tension	Reducing suffering	28 (8.0)
Providing essential care for the dying patient Providing peaceful end-of-life care	Providing the care required for the dying patient	20 (5.7)
Performing therapeutic communication techniques Using natural communication to help patients restore relationships Promoting the patient’s relationships with others	Communicating fully	13 (3.7)
Working to understand the patient’s needs Working to enhance the patient’s performance of self-care	Meeting the patient’s primary needs	8 (2.3)
Meeting the patient’s needs before being asked Taking countermeasures against difficult medical situations	Providing care in anticipation of problems/changes	4 (1.1)
Understanding human beings as a whole Providing holistic care, including physical, psychological, and spiritual care	Providing physical, mental, and spiritual care	31 (8.8)	Caring for the multifaceted needs of human beings	73 (20.7)
Considering mental as well as physical symptoms Offering comfort and support to promote mental well-being	Caring for both the mental and physical health of the patient	20 (5.7)
The approach is indispensable in nursing The highest level of nursing care There are better results when different forms of care are combined	Providing an essential and high level of care	13 (3.7)
The approach is necessary for all patients, not just those who practice religion The patient and the family heal together The approach includes not only nurses, but also patients, caregivers, and cleaning staff	Including all involved persons	9 (2.6)
Enabling the nurse to find the meaning and purpose of life Giving hope and results in increased willingness to heal Involving healing from the depths of the heart	Positively affecting patient well-being	45 (12.8)	Growing together	53 (15.1)
The nurse should take a spiritual look at himself/herself The nurse needs to be willing to give of himself/herself	Begins with the nurse’s self-transcendence	8 (2.3)
Total		352 (100.0)		352 (100.0)