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. 2023 Jul 10;13:11180. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38084-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Electron microscopy analysis of primary cilia biogenesis in low-grade glioma astrocytes.(A–D) Electron microscopy of primary cilia biogenesis. (A) Activated mother centriole (mc) showing subdistal appendages (sa), intracentriolar cargo (ic), and abundant small vesicles (sv) in the distal pole originated in Golgi dictyosomes (Go). The daughter centriole (dc) is also visible. B) Vesicles fuse and form the ciliary vesicle (cv) anchored to mother centriole (mc) by transition fibers (tf). (C) Axoneme starts to grow protruding in the ciliary vesicle (cv). (D) Once the ciliary vesicle binds the cell membrane, cilia axoneme projects to extracellular medium. Ciliary pocket (cp) ang gliofilaments (gf) are also shown. (E) Ultrastructure of primary cilia in low-grade glioma astrocytes. Axoneme is composed by a microtubule cytoskeleton. (F) Extracellular small vesicles and multivesicular body (mvb) are close to the ciliary pocket membrane. Nucleus (N), microtubules (mt), ciliary pocket (cp), basal body (bb), axoneme (ax), gliofilaments (gf) and daughter centriole (dc) are also observed.