Table 3.

Summary of characteristics of comparator studies

First author [reference no.]	Year	Intervention	Sample size	Predictive models investigated	Validation procedure	Highest AUC reported
Crombé [30]	2019	NAC	n = 65	RF, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression	10-fold stratified cross-validation	0.86
Peeken [34]	2021	Neoadjuvant RT with or without NAC	n = 156	RF, LogitBoost, elastic net regression	3-fold nested cross-validation	0.75
Gao [37]	2020	Neoadjuvant RT	n = 30	Support vector machine, logistic regression	5-fold cross-validation	0.91
Miao [38]	2022	Neoadjuvant RT with or without multi-targeted TKI	n = 30	Logistic regression	None	0.92

NAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy, RT radiotherapy, AUC area under the curve, RF random forest, TKI tyrosine kinase inhibitor