Table 1.

The distribution of gut microbiota between the clinical benefit group and clinical non-benefit group.

Reference	Research drug	Study subjects	Conclusion	Bacterial Groups with Clinically Beneficial Expression	Bacterial Groups without 1Clinically Beneficial Expression
Derosa (59)	Nivolumab	69 advanced renal cell carcinoma patients.	The composition of microbiota is influenced by TKIs and ATBs, which in turn affect the efficacy of ICIs.	A.muciniphila; Bacteroides salyersiae; Eubacterium siraeum	E.bacterium 2-2-44A; C.hathewayi; Clostridium clostridioforme
Salgia (55)	Nivolumab or Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab	31 patients with kidney cancer receiving medication.	There is a correlation between higher microbial diversity and better treatment outcomes	Bifidobacterium adolescentis; Barnesiella intestinihominis; Odoribacter splanchnicus; Bacteroides eggerthii; Akkermansia muciniphila(relative abundance increases)	Bacteroides ovatus; Eggerthella lenta; Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans; Flavonifractor_plautii
Routy (70)	PD-1/PD-L1 mAb	100 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (n=60) and renal cancer (n=40) who received PD-1 inhibitors.	ICIs resistance may be associated with dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and the use of ATB can impact treatment outcomes.	Akkermansia muciniphila; Firmicutes;Eubacterium sp.CAG:146; Lachnospiraceae; Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium 5-2-54FAA; Cloacibacillus porcorum	Parabacteroides distasonis; Bacteroides nordi; Blautia; Bacteroides clarus; Clostnidiales bacterium VE202-14; Firmicutes bactenum CAG 227
Dizman (71)	VEGF-TKI	21 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.	Dietary interventions can influence the gut microbiota of patients with mRCC receiving VEGF-TKI therapy, and the composition of the gut microbiota can serve as a predictor of the clinical benefit level in mRCC patients undergoing VEGF-TKI treatment.	Akkermansia muciniphila; Faecalibacterium prausnitziil; Bacteroides caccae; Barnesiella intestinihominis; Eubacterium sp CAG 251; Roseburia faecis; Anaerostipes hadrus; Streptococcus salivarius; Streptococcus parasanguinis; Blautia coccoides ; Phascolarctobacterium faecium	Bacteroides vulgatus; Bifidobacterium longum; Lactobacillus vaginalis; Acidaminococcus intestine; Flavonifractor plautii; Actinomyces graevenitzii; Clostridium saccharolyticum; Bifidobacterium adolescentis; Bacteroides ovatus; Ruminococcus bicirculans; Eubacterium callanderi; Eubacterium eligens; Megasphaera sp MJR8396C; Acutalibacter muris