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. 2023 Jun 27;14:1194984. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194984

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Copyright © 2023 Harris and Karimi

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Major Functions of Alloactivated T cells. When alloreactive T cells recognize alloantigen (recipient self antigen) presented by an antigen presenting cell (APC), the T cell becomes alloactivated. These T cells then perform a variety of functions, including: proliferate, differentiate into cytotoxic cells, produce cytokines and cytotoxic mediators, migrate, become exhausted, survive or undergo apoptosis, and express altered gene programs. These T cell functions lead to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which damages healthy host tissues in the target organs (skin, small intestine, liver). These T cell functions also lead to the graft-versus-tumor (GVT, also called graft-versus-leukemia, GVL) effect, which eliminates residual malignant cells. Figure created using BioRender.com.