Table 1.

Patient demographics and clinical characteristics for individuals receiving very early NPM (≤30 days after index), early NPM (31–90 days after index), or no NPM within 90 days of index.

	Very early NPM (N=7,393)	Early NPM (N=5,774)	No NPM (N=31,008)	Overall (N=44,175)
Days to Final Follow-Up, median [IQR]	48 [97]	88 [92]	109 [150]	94 [146]
Final Follow-up after 90 days (%)	31.8	48.1	57.8	52.2
Age*(y), median [IQR]	47.0 [32.0]	44.0 [28.0]	47.0 [29.0]	46.0 [30.0]
Female Sex (%)	11.6	13.8	11.2	11.6
Race/Ethnicity
White (%)	63.9	59.0	60.9	61.2
Black (%)	17.7	20.6	19.5	19.3
Hispanic (%)	9.4	10.8	10.1	10.0
Other/Unknown (%)	9.0	9.7	9.6	9.5
NRS Pain Score, median [IQR]†	5 [5]	5 [5]	5 [5]	5 [5]
No Pain (NRS = 0) (%)	14.0	16.8	18.8	17.7
Mild Pain (NRS = 1–3) (%)	14.3	16.3	14.8	14.9
Moderate Pain (NRS = 4–6) (%)	27.3	33.1	29.8	29.8
Severe Pain (NRS = 7–10) (%)	20.2	25.6	25.7	24.8
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)‡	30.1 (±5.6)	30.2 (±5.6)	30.1 (±5.7)	30.1 (±5.7)
Not obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) (%)	51.4	51.6	51.5	51.5
Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) (%)	44.9	45.3	44.8	44.9
Smoking Status§
Current (%)	31.9	32.3	34.9	34.1
Former (%)	24.3	20.5	20.9	21.4
Never (%)	38.2	41.5	38.1	38.5
Service-Connected Disabilityǁ
< 50% (%)	25.7	25.6	23.8	24.3
≥ 50% (%)	36.5	39.6	38.5	38.3
Charlson Comorbidity Index
CCI = 0 (%)	70.4	74.6	70.4	71.0
CCI = 1 (%)	15.9	14.1	16.0	15.8
CCI = 2 (%)	5.8	5.0	5.9	5.7
CCI ≥ 3 (%)	7.9	6.2	7.7	7.6
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (%)¶	17.5	19.2	17.2	17.5
Alcohol Use Disorder (%)¶	6.4	5.5	6.0	6.0
Drug Use Disorder (%)¶	3.3	3.4	3.0	3.1
Neck Pain (%)	7.4	8.6	8.2	8.1
Opioid Prescription (%)♯	2.6	2.8	3.7	3.4

BMI = Body Mass Index

^⁎Age as of Cohort Index

^†5,618 missing

^‡1,600 missing

^§2,650 missing

^ǁ16,490 missing

^¶21 missing

^♯filled within 30 days of cohort entry