A-SiO2/N-TiO2
|
Superhydrophobic |
Water contact angle (WCA) of 157.2° and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of 2.7° |
Methyl orange solution was degraded under UV irradiation, and the coating maintained its self-cleaning performance after being placed outdoors for 3 months |
2021 (ref. 54) |
Nanocellulose-titanium dioxide-(3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (NCC-TiO2-APTMS) |
Superhydrophilic |
WCA ≈ 6° |
Improved cleaning efficiency of coating, excellent self-cleaning properties after exposure to sunlight |
2022 (ref. 55) |
SiO2–TiO2
|
Superhydrophilic |
WCA = 0° |
The degradation rate of methyl orange (10 ppm) was more than 98% under UV irradiation for 40 min, and RhB and MB can be degraded efficiently under sunlight irradiation |
2022 (ref. 56) |
Coating deposited by titanium dioxide and chemically modified by OTS |
Superhydrophobic |
Static water contact angle of 158° ± 2° and sliding angle of 4° ± 1° |
Maintain good performance after UV irradiation, chemical immersion, and physical abrasion; excellent self-cleaning ability after rinsed with water droplets |
2020 (ref. 57) |
Fluorosilicone/SiO2–TiO2 (FSi/SiO2–TiO2) coating |
Superhydrophobic |
WCA = 165° ± 8° |
The TiO2/SiO2 coatings were optically transparent and achieved a superhydrophilic state after UV irradiation for almost 2 h. Superhydrophilicity is a building block to self-cleaning ability and crucial for reliability |
2021 (ref. 58) |
Wood modified by titanium dioxide nanoparticles and PFOTS |
Superhydrophobic |
Static contact angle of more than 150° and tilt angle of less than 10° |
Excellent self-cleaning ability, stain resistance property, durability and chemical stability |
2020 (ref. 59) |
TiO2 nanoparticles and Pluronic F-127 coated glass |
Superhydrophilic |
WCA = 4.9° ± 0.5° |
Great self-cleaning effect against concentrated syrup and methylene blue and great antifog performance that maintains high transparency of around 89% when the coated glass is placed above hot-fog vapor for 10 min |
2022 (ref. 60) |
Sponge-like TiO2–SiO2 nanoparticles coated glass |
Hydrophilic |
WCA ≤ 12° |
Photocatalytic degradation rate relative to OG up to 7.9%, anti-fogging |
2020 (ref. 61) |
TiO2-APTES-cotton fabrics |
Superhydrophobic |
Contact angle of 155° ± 1°, and tilting angle of 6° ± 1° |
Good mechanical, chemical, and thermal stability; impart self-cleaning, antifouling, antibacterial, anti-stain, and UV-blocking properties |
2023 (ref. 62) |
Stearic acid (STA)-TiO2/zinc composite (TZC) coating |
Superhydrophobic |
The water contact angle of 160 ± 1.4° and sliding angle of 5.4 ± 0.2° |
Excellent self-cleaning property, corrosion resistance, and superhydrophobic stability |
2021 (ref. 63) |
Titanium substrate in NH4F/H3PO4 electrolyte by anodization |
Superhydrophobic |
Best superhydrophobicity surface with a maximum CA of similar to 170.3° and a SA of approximately 0° |
Ultralow adhesion, a long-term stability, excellent self-cleaning effect and good anti-icing property |
2021 (ref. 64) |
Novel g-C3N4/TiO2/PAA/PTFE ultrafiltration membrane |
Hydrophilic |
WCA = 62.3° |
Highly resistant to fouling in the prolonged filtration of 1000 mg L−1 bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution |
2019 (ref. 65) |
A-SiO2/N-TiO2@PDMS coating |
Superhydrophobic |
WCA = 17.5° |
Methyl orange solution could be degraded; good adaptation to different substrates and outdoor environments; exhibited the same liquid repellency towards different droplets |
2021 (ref. 66) |
Titanium dioxide-composited cotton fabrics |
Superhydrophobic |
WCA = 176.3 ± 1° |
Good self-cleaning ability, excellent performance of oil-water separation, photocatalytic, sustainability and stability |
2020 (ref. 67) |