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. 2023 Jul 11;13(30):20584–20597. doi: 10.1039/d2ra07839b

Information on modified photocatalysts with self-cleaning functions.

Photocatalyst Wettability Contact angle Performance Publication year/literature
A-SiO2/N-TiO2 Superhydrophobic Water contact angle (WCA) of 157.2° and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of 2.7° Methyl orange solution was degraded under UV irradiation, and the coating maintained its self-cleaning performance after being placed outdoors for 3 months 2021 (ref. 54)
Nanocellulose-titanium dioxide-(3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (NCC-TiO2-APTMS) Superhydrophilic WCA ≈ 6° Improved cleaning efficiency of coating, excellent self-cleaning properties after exposure to sunlight 2022 (ref. 55)
SiO2–TiO2 Superhydrophilic WCA = 0° The degradation rate of methyl orange (10 ppm) was more than 98% under UV irradiation for 40 min, and RhB and MB can be degraded efficiently under sunlight irradiation 2022 (ref. 56)
Coating deposited by titanium dioxide and chemically modified by OTS Superhydrophobic Static water contact angle of 158° ± 2° and sliding angle of 4° ± 1° Maintain good performance after UV irradiation, chemical immersion, and physical abrasion; excellent self-cleaning ability after rinsed with water droplets 2020 (ref. 57)
Fluorosilicone/SiO2–TiO2 (FSi/SiO2–TiO2) coating Superhydrophobic WCA = 165° ± 8° The TiO2/SiO2 coatings were optically transparent and achieved a superhydrophilic state after UV irradiation for almost 2 h. Superhydrophilicity is a building block to self-cleaning ability and crucial for reliability 2021 (ref. 58)
Wood modified by titanium dioxide nanoparticles and PFOTS Superhydrophobic Static contact angle of more than 150° and tilt angle of less than 10° Excellent self-cleaning ability, stain resistance property, durability and chemical stability 2020 (ref. 59)
TiO2 nanoparticles and Pluronic F-127 coated glass Superhydrophilic WCA = 4.9° ± 0.5° Great self-cleaning effect against concentrated syrup and methylene blue and great antifog performance that maintains high transparency of around 89% when the coated glass is placed above hot-fog vapor for 10 min 2022 (ref. 60)
Sponge-like TiO2–SiO2 nanoparticles coated glass Hydrophilic WCA ≤ 12° Photocatalytic degradation rate relative to OG up to 7.9%, anti-fogging 2020 (ref. 61)
TiO2-APTES-cotton fabrics Superhydrophobic Contact angle of 155° ± 1°, and tilting angle of 6° ± 1° Good mechanical, chemical, and thermal stability; impart self-cleaning, antifouling, antibacterial, anti-stain, and UV-blocking properties 2023 (ref. 62)
Stearic acid (STA)-TiO2/zinc composite (TZC) coating Superhydrophobic The water contact angle of 160 ± 1.4° and sliding angle of 5.4 ± 0.2° Excellent self-cleaning property, corrosion resistance, and superhydrophobic stability 2021 (ref. 63)
Titanium substrate in NH4F/H3PO4 electrolyte by anodization Superhydrophobic Best superhydrophobicity surface with a maximum CA of similar to 170.3° and a SA of approximately 0° Ultralow adhesion, a long-term stability, excellent self-cleaning effect and good anti-icing property 2021 (ref. 64)
Novel g-C3N4/TiO2/PAA/PTFE ultrafiltration membrane Hydrophilic WCA = 62.3° Highly resistant to fouling in the prolonged filtration of 1000 mg L−1 bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution 2019 (ref. 65)
A-SiO2/N-TiO2@PDMS coating Superhydrophobic WCA = 17.5° Methyl orange solution could be degraded; good adaptation to different substrates and outdoor environments; exhibited the same liquid repellency towards different droplets 2021 (ref. 66)
Titanium dioxide-composited cotton fabrics Superhydrophobic WCA = 176.3 ± 1° Good self-cleaning ability, excellent performance of oil-water separation, photocatalytic, sustainability and stability 2020 (ref. 67)