TABLE 1.
General characteristics of nursing students and adaptation to college life according to the characteristics (N = 247).
| Characteristics | Categories | N (%) | Adaptation to college life | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | t or F (p) Scheffé | |||
| Age | ≤20 (years old) | 99 (40.1) | 3.51 ± 0.50 | 1.975 (0.118) |
| 21 ~ 23 | 111 (44.9) | 3.63 ± 0.49 | ||
| 24 ~ 26 | 26 (10.5) | 3.54 ± 0.62 | ||
| ≥27 | 11 (4.5) | 3.84 ± 0.64 | ||
| Gender | Male | 40 (16.2) | 3.62 ± 0.52 | 2.042 (0.042) |
| Female | 207 (83.8) | 3.48 ± 0.50 | ||
| Grade | 1st (Freshman) | 48 (19.4) | 3.54 ± 0.52 | 3.411 (0.018) * |
| 2nd (Sophomore) | 52 (21.1) | 3.40 ± 0.46 | ||
| 3rd (Junior) | 32 (13.0) | 3.57 ± 0.49 | ||
| 4th (Senior) | 115 (46.6) | 3.67 ± 0.53 | ||
| Experience of leave of absence | Yes | 37 (15.0) | 3.51 ± 0.66 | −0.880 (0.380) |
| No | 210 (85.0) | 3.59 ± 0.49 | ||
| Religion | Protestantism | 25 (10.1) | 3.80 ± 0.48 | 1.760 (0.155) |
| Catholic | 30 (12.1) | 3.54 ± 0.58 | ||
| Buddhism | 20 (8.1) | 3.52 ± 0.58 | ||
| No religion | 172 (69.6) | 3.59 ± 0.50 | ||
| Experience in club activities | Yes | 162 (65.6) | 3.70 ± 0.48 | 5.492 (<0.001) |
| No | 85 (34.4) | 3.34 ± 0.51 | ||
| Residential environment | Living with parents | 134 (54.3) | 3.57 ± 0.52 | 0.364 (0.779) |
| Living alone | 45 (18.2) | 3.54 ± 0.55 | ||
| Lodging and dormitory | 66 (26.7) | 3.61 ± 0.49 | ||
| Others | 2 (8.0) | 3.85 ± 0.37 | ||
| Socioeconomic status | High a | 65 (26.3) | 3.77 ± 0.46 |
6.826 (<0.001) a > b, c ** |
| Medium b | 132 (53.4) | 3.53 ± 0.51 | ||
| Low c | 50 (20.2) | 3.46 ± 0.56 | ||
| Allowance level (Korea Won) | < KRW 100,000 | 18 (7.3) | 3.44 ± 0.43 | 0.687 (0.601) |
| KRW 100,000–200,000 | 35 (14.2) | 3.50 ± 0.57 | ||
| KRW 21 0,000–300,000 | 63 (25.5) | 3.59 ± 0.49 | ||
| ≥ KRW 310,000 | 126 (51.0) | 3.62 ± 0.54 | ||
| Others (no allowance etc.) | 5 (2.0) | 3.55 ± 0.20 | ||
| Number of consultations with professors (per semester) | ≤1a | 135 (54.7) | 3.51 ± 0.53 |
3.788 (0.024) a < c*** |
| 2–3b | 89 (36.0) | 3.63 ± 0.48 | ||
| ≥4c | 23 (9.3) | 3.80 ± 0.56 | ||
| Types of clinical practice | Clinical practice | 95 (38.5) | 3.63 ± 0.49 | 0.528 (0.664) |
| In‐school practice | 23 (9.3) | 3.49 ± 0.50 | ||
| Non‐face‐to‐face practice | 2 (8.0) | 3.69 ± 1.06 | ||
| Mixed (face‐to‐face and non‐face‐to‐face practices) | 42 (17.0) | 3.64 ± 0.61 | ||
| Types of theoretical lecture | Face‐to‐face | 86 (34.8) | 3.58 ± 0.54 | 0.490 (0.689) |
|
Non‐face‐to‐face (Real‐time online teaching) |
8 (3.2) | 3.43 ± 0.71 | ||
|
Non‐face‐to‐face (online lecture) |
4 (1.6) | 3.35 ± 0.16 | ||
| Mixed (face‐to‐face and non‐face‐to‐face lectures) | 149 (60.3) | 3.59 ± 0.50 | ||
| Learning Style Type | Diverger | 99 (40.1) | 3.48 ± 0.55 | 3.354 (0.020)* |
| Assimilator | 55 (22.3) | 3.57 ± 0.55 | ||
| Converger | 10 (4.0) | 3.48 ± 0.34 | ||
| Accommodator | 83 (33.6) | 3.72 ± 0.44 | ||
Note: SD: Standard Deviation, p < 0.05, *As a Post hoc after ANOVA test (Scheffé) represents there is no difference among each group, ** the significant difference of adaptation to college life each socioeconomic status group. a, b and c mean the adaptation to college life average, indicating the level of adaptation to college life was significantly higher for those from higher socioeconomic status than in the case of medium and low socioeconomic status. *** a group (0–1 consultation with professor)'s adaptation to college life level is lower than c group and no significant difference with b group.