TABLE 3.

Analysis of possible factors affecting QoL in multimorbidity.

Variable	Domains of quality of life (mean ± SD)
	Physical	p	Psychological	p	Social relationship	p	Environmental	p	Final scores	p
Gender
Male	13.19 ± 2.01	0.102	13.19 ± 2.16	0.719	14.49 ± 2.81	0.442	14.17 ± 2.40	0.445	80.94 ± 10.36	0.475
Female	12.93 ± 1.67		13.13 ± 2.00		14.31 ± 2.61		14.01 ± 2.42		80.27 ± 11.00
Age (years)
≤60	13.29 ± 1.81	0.037	13.31 ± 2.10	0.358	14.63 ± 2.76	0.410	14.07 ± 2.41	0.820	81.96 ± 9.97	0.063
61–65	13.10 ± 1.73		13.23 ± 2.22		14.45 ± 2.58		14.22 ± 2.46		79.61 ± 9.99
66–70	13.07 ± 1.97		13.15 ± 2.05		14.35 ± 2.71		14.14 ± 2.53		81.12 ± 9.32
≥71	12.60 ± 1.77		12.84 ± 1.95		14.04 ± 2.77		13.91 ± 2.15		78.55 ± 14.05
Education level
Primary and below	12.84 ± 1.85	0.022	12.97 ± 2.02	0.144	14.01 ± 2.72	0.002	13.89 ± 2.39	0.092	79.24 ± 11.34	0.003
Middle and high school	13.20 ± 1.79		13.33 ± 2.12		14.61 ± 2.54		14.19 ± 2.41		81.26 ± 9.90
College and above	13.54 ± 2.00		13.30 ± 2.21		15.46 ± 3.16		14.70 ± 2.46		84.79 ± 9.84
Marital status
with partner	13.12 ± 1.84	0.017	13.26 ± 2.07	0.002	14.48 ± 2.61	0.090	14.17 ± 2.37	0.028	80.87 ± 10.75	0.099
Single/widow/separated	12.50 ± 1.85		12.34 ± 2.05		13.68 ± 3.39		13.42 ± 2.64		78.36 ± 9.89
Employment
stable	13.11 ± 1.91	0.278	13.28 ± 2.10	0.031	14.56 ± 2.88	0.014	14.25 ± 2.48	0.015	81.23 ± 10.67	0.034
unstable	12.92 ± 1.68		12.85 ± 2.01		13.99 ± 2.18		13.69 ± 2.17		79.03 ± 10.58
Monthly income (RMB)
<2000	13.32 ± 1.81	0.007	13.53 ± 2.04	0.003	14.81 ± 2.60	0.010	14.54 ± 2.46	0.002	82.05 ± 10.02	0.012
2000–3999	13.02 ± 1.81		13.00 ± 2.10		14.24 ± 2.56		13.85 ± 2.38		80.35 ± 10.32
≥4000	12.64 ± 1.92		12.76 ± 2.04		13.91 ± 3.08		13.68 ± 2.23		78.36 ± 12.12
BMI (kg/m2)
18.5–23.9	13.35 ± 1.78	0.006	13.53 ± 2.04	0.002	14.70 ± 2.68	0.058	14.50 ± 2.41	0.004	82.65 ± 8.72	0.001
<18.5 or ≥ 24	12.89 ± 1.87		12.95 ± 2.08		14.23 ± 2.71		13.86 ± 2.38		79.47 ± 11.48
Number of diseases
2	13.26 ± 1.81	<0.001	13.42 ± 2.02	<0.001	14.65 ± 2.63	0.001	14.29 ± 2.37	0.001	81.73 ± 9.86	<0.001
3	12.57 ± 1.89		12.44 ± 2.16		13.78 ± 2.96		13.63 ± 2.47		77.28 ± 13.00
≥4	11.82 ± 1.35		11.91 ± 1.66		12.97 ± 1.98		12.68 ± 2.16		76.36 ± 8.34
Depression
Yes	13.81 ± 1.87	<0.001	13.87 ± 2.25	<0.001	15.37 ± 2.90	<0.001	14.82 ± 2.61	<0.001	86.31 ± 8.11	<0.001
No	12.73 ± 1.74		12.85 ± 1.93		13.98 ± 2.51		13.77 ± 2.24		78.12 ± 10.72
Anxiety
Yes	13.18 ± 1.82	<0.001	13.32 ± 2.03	<0.001	14.60 ± 2.64	<0.001	14.27 ± 2.38	<0.001	81.49 ± 10.35	<0.001
No	12.31 ± 1.85		12.16 ± 2.11		13.19 ± 2.84		13.03 ± 2.35		75.27 ± 11.15