Table 4.
Effect of parity on maternal complications.
| Outcomes | Parity | Passive group | Active group | Coeff [95% CI] or OR | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of 2nd stage (minutes) – total | Nulliparous | 125 [52–169] | 93 [46–147] | 17.65 [−10.80–46.10] | 0.22 |
| Multiparous | 23 [15–36] | 13 [8–21] | 19.34 [−8.19–46.87] | 0.17 | |
| Duration of passive 2nd stage (minutes) | Nulliparous | 105 [34–153] | 23 [7–83] | 68.49 [41.40–95.58] | <0.001 |
| Multiparous | 7 [2–18] | 5 [1–9] | 15.96 [−9.77–41.70] | 0.22 | |
| Duration of active 2nd stage (minutes) | Nulliparous | 13 [0–25] | 48 [19–81] | −45.57 [−66.19 to −24.95] | <0.001 |
| Multiparous | 12 [6–16] | 6 [3–16] | 2.37 [−5.79–10.53] | 0.57 | |
| Instrumentation | Nulliparous | 6/13 (46.2) | 6/26 (23.1) | 3.39 [0.64–17.94] | 0.15 |
| Multiparous | 1/11 (9.1) | 0/22 (0) | – | 0.33* | |
| Episiotomy | Nulliparous | 6/10 (60.0) | 7/21 (33.3) | 4.48 [0.47–42.70] | 0.19 |
| Multiparous | 3/10 (30.0) | 2/20 (10.0) | 4.65 [0.46–46.88] | 0.19 | |
| Perineal tear (3rd or 4th degree) | Nulliparous | 1/10 (10.0) | 1/21 (4.8) | 2.00 [0.13–31.98] | 0.62 |
| Multiparous | 1/10 (10.0) | 0/20 (0) | – | 0.33* |
Data for vaginal delivery only, except for instrumentation.
Data is presented as median [IQR] or proportion, as appropriate.
* Calculated with Fisher exact test.