TABLE 1.

A summary of the characteristics of the included studies (n = 15)

Authors	Country	Age group	Sample	Weight status (baseline)	Duration (wk)	Intervention (type)	Indicators examined
Lisón et al. [31]	Spain	6–16	n = 110	Excess weight §	36	The prescribed diet and physical exercise	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG a = 45
			IG b = 41
			CG = 24
Velázquez-López et al. [39]	Mexico	3–18	n = 49	Excess weight §	16	The prescribed diet	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 24
			CG = 25
Muros et al. [45]	Spain	10–11	n = 135	All group †	24	Nutritional education	BMI, WC, %OB
			IG c = 21
			CG = 41
Peñalvo et al. [40]	Spain	3–5	n = 1779	All group †	52–156	Nutritional education and physical activity	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 948
			CG = 831
Akdemir et al. [34]	Turkey	6–14	n = 1288	All group †	32	Nutritional education	BMI, %OB
			IG = 647
			CG = 641
Bibiloni et al. [35]	Spain	3–7	n = 1119	All group †	48	Nutritional education	BMI, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 319
			CG = 880
Gómez et al. [37]	Spain	8–10	n = 2086	All group †	60	Nutritional education and physical activity	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 974
			CG = 1112
Ojeda-Rodríguez et al. [41]	Spain	7–16	n = 107	Excess weight §	8	The prescribed diet and physical activity	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 81
			CG = 26
Akbulut et al. [43]	Turkey	9–17	n = 45	Excess weight §	12	The prescribed diet and physical exercise	BMI
			IG = 23
			CG = 22
Fernández-Ruiz et al. [36]	Spain	6–12	n = 101	Excess weight §	40	Nutritional education and physical exercise	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 51
			CG = 50
Prieto-Zambrano et al. [42]	Spain	11–15	n = 82	All group †	20	Nutritional education	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 46
			CG = 36
Yurtdaş et al. [47]	Turkey	11–18	n = 44	Excess weight §	12	The prescribed diet	BMI, WC, WHtR
			IG = 22
			CG = 22
Blancas-Sánchez et al. [46]	Spain	9–15	n = 29	All group †	20	Nutritional education	BMI, WC, WHtR, %OB, %AO
			IG = 14
			CG = 15
Martíncrespo-Blanco et al. [38]	Spain	3–5	n = 133	All group †	36	Nutritional education	BMI, %OB
			IG = 65
			CG = 68
Asoudeh et al. [44]	Iran	13–18	n = 70	Excess weight §	12	The prescribed diet	BMI, WC, WHtR
			IG = 35
			CG = 35

AO, abdominal obesity; BMI, body mass index; CG, control group; IG, intervention group; OB, obesity; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.

^aIntervention carried out in hospital.

^bIntervention carried out at home.

^cGroup that only received nutritional education.

^†Participants with any weight status (thinness, normal weight, overweight, or obesity).

^§Participants with excess weight (overweight or obesity).