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. 2023 May 18;14(4):739–751. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.009

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Schematic representation of liver development, the main signaling pathways involved, and the contribution of magnesium (Mg2+) in each step of the process. Abbreviations list: AFP, α-fetoprotein; ALB, albumin; AP-1, activating protein-1; BMP, bone morphogenic rotein; CDX, caudal type homeobox; CK-19, keratin-19; DEX, dextranase precursor; EGF, epidermal growth factor; FGF4, fibroblast growth factor 4; FOXA1-3, forkhead Box A1-3; FOXM1B, forkhead box M1B; HGF, hepatic growth factor; HHEX, hematopoietically-expressed homeobox; HNF1β, hepatocyte nuclear factor- 1beta; HNF3α/β/γ, hepatocyte nuclear factor 3α/β/γ; HNF4α, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; MEG, mesendogen; MMP, matrix metalloproteinases; PPMA1A, protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A; pcCMT, prenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase; RA, retinoic acid; SOX17, SRY-box transcription factor 17; TRPM6/7: transient receptor protein melastatin 6/7.