Table 4.
Treatment and Emergency Hospitalization Details and Outcomes
| Treatment | CIPO patients (n = 74) |
|---|---|
| Dietary therapy | |
| Dietary restrictions, effective | 41 (55) |
| Combined with TPN | 24 (32) |
| Use of ED at initial consultation | 37 (50) |
| Use of ED from onset of symptoms | 74 (100) |
| Patients who could not tolerate ED | 60 (81) |
| Exacerbation of abdominal bloating with ED | 39 (53) |
| SIBO(+) | 23 (59) |
| SIBO(–) | 6 (15) |
| Intestinal sterilization | 51 (69) |
| Period from onset to the start of intestinal sterilization (yr) | 7 ± 9 |
| Effective | 33 (65) |
| Metronidazole | 28 (85) |
| Vancomycin | 3 (9) |
| Rifaximin | 1 (3) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 1 (3) |
| Adverse effects of antibiotics requiring hospitalization | |
| History of metronidazole | 38 (51) |
| Metronidazole induced encephalopathy | 5 (13) |
| Decompression therapy | |
| Period from onset to the start of decompression therapy (yr) | 4 ± 5 |
| PEG-J | 18 (24) |
| PEG-J effective rate | 15 (83) |
| Enterostomy | 2 (3) |
| Surgical therapy and transplantation | 0 (0) |
| Opioid use | 7 (9) |
| Opioid effectiveness | 4 (57) |
| Tramadol | 3 (43) |
| Tramadol + acetaminophen | 1 (14) |
| Oxycodone | 2 (29) |
| Buprenorphine transdermal preparation | 1 (14) |
| Number of emergency hospitalizations | 5.8 ± 7.6 |
| Exacerbation of abdominal bloating | 47 (78) |
| Dehydration | 4 (7) |
| Infection | 2 (3) |
| Port occlusion | 2 (3) |
| History of ≥ 6 emergency hospitalizations | 27 (36) |
| TPN user | 11 (41) |
| PEG-J user | 8 (30) |
| Patient outcomes | |
| Death (person-years) | 11.5 |
| Age at death (yr) | 60 ± 14 |
| Period from onset to the start of death (yr) | 15 ± 14 |
| Death rate | 9 (12) |
| TPN users | 6 (67) |
| PEG-J users | 4 (44) |
| Infections | 5 (56) |
| Suicides | 2 (22) |
| Respiratory failure | 1 (11) |
| Cancer | 1 (11) |
CIPO, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction; TPN, total parenteral nutrition; ED, elemental diet; SIBO, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth; PEG-J, Percutaneous endoscopic gastro-jejunostomy.
Data are shown as n (%) or mean ± SD.