Table 3.
Admission History, Clinical Course, and Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Illness
| Characteristic | RSV (n = 328) | FluA (n = 2155) | FluB (n = 606) | Other Respiratory Viruses (n = 596) | Negative for Respiratory Viruses (n = 3900) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admission history | ||||||
| Antibiotic prior to admission | 14.0 (46/328) | 9.4 (203/2155) | 12.7 (77/606) | 8.2 (49/596) | 8.9 (347/3900) | .001 |
| Antibiotic during admission | 88.7 (291/328) | 85.8 (1850/2155) | 82.8 (502/606) | 91.1 (543/596) | 86.8 (3385/3900) | <.001 |
| Physician visit prior to admission | 24.7 (81/324) | 24.9 (537/2146) | 32.2 (195/603) | 22.9 (136/586) | 20.1 (785/3842) | <.001 |
| ED visit prior to admission | 11.9 (39/325) | 9.5 (205/2150) | 10.9 (66/603) | 8.2 (49/586) | 9.5 (372/3861) | .366 |
| Oxygen therapy during admission | 75.3 (247/327) | 65.2 (1405/2148) | 57.1 (346/603) | 72.8 (433/594) | 71.4 (2786/3882) | <.001 |
| Hospital LOS | ||||||
| LOS, d, mean (range) | 10.6 (1–74) | 10.4 (1–162) | 9.9 (1–132) | 11.5 (1–102) | 10.9 (1–163) | .100 |
| LOS, d, median (IQR) | 8 (5–12) | 7 (4–11) | 6 (4–11) | 7 (5–12) | 7 (5–12) | |
| ICU admission | 13.7 (45/328) | 13.2 (285/2155) | 10.7 (65/606) | 11.1 (66/595) | 13.1 (511/3900) | .308 |
| ICU days, mean (range) | 9.2 (1–53) | 10.2 (1–122) | 10.4 (1–37) | 9.9 (1–64) | 8.3 (1–124) | .220 |
| ICU days, median (IQR) | 5 (3–9) | 6 (3–10) | 8 (4–14) | 6 (3–11) | 6 (3–10) | |
| Requirement of mechanical ventilation | 6.4 (21/328) | 7.7 (165/2155) | 6.4 (39/606) | 5.4 (252/595) | 6.5 (509/3900) | .260 |
| Mechanical ventilation days, mean (range) | 10.6 (1–47) | 11.2 (1–122) | 10.9 (1–44) | 10.7 (1–57) | 8.7 (1–93) | .3555 |
| Mechanical ventilation days, median (IQR) | 5 (3–13) | 6 (3–14) | 8 (4–15) | 6 (4–13) | 5 (3–10) | |
| Mortality, day 30 | 6.1 (20/328) | 8.7 (188/2155) | 9.1 (55/606) | 7.2 (43/596) | 9.3 (668/3900) | .196 |
| ≥1 complication in hospital | 50.3 (165/328) | 69.9 (1505/2153) | 66.1 (399/604) | 53.5 (317/592) | 53.8 (2094/3889) | <.001 |
| Exacerbation of chronic disease | 28.5 (47/165) | 35.0 (527/1505) | 27.6 (110/399) | 28.7 (91/317) | 36.1 (756/2094) | .001 |
| New arrhythmia | 10.3 (17/165) | 11.1 (167/1505) | 12.8 (51/399) | 6.9 (22/317) | 7.8 (163/2094) | .001 |
| Sepsis | 6.7 (11/165) | 6.1 (92/1505) | 6.0 (24/399) | 4.1 (13/317) | 7.2 (151/2094) | .260 |
| Myocardial infarction | 3.0 (5/165) | 5.8 (88/1505) | 5.5 (22/399) | 2.8 (9/317) | 3.0 (62/2094) | <.001 |
| Nosocomial pneumonia | 1.8 (3/165) | 1.8 (27/1505) | 1.3 (5/399) | 1.6 (6/317) | 1.3 (27/2094) | .772 |
| ARDS | 1.8 (3/165) | 3.3 (50/1505) | 2.3 (9/399) | 1.6 (5/317) | 2.2 (47/2094) | .191 |
| DVT/pulmonary embolism | 2.4 (4/165) | 1.0 (15/1505) | 0.3 (1/399) | 0.6 (2/317) | 1.4 (30/2094) | .105 |
| Clostridioides difficile colitis | 1.8 (3/165) | 1.2 (18/1505) | 2.5 (10/399) | 1.9 (6/317) | 1.2 (25/2094) | .244 |
| Acute renal failure requiring dialysis | 1.2 (2/165) | 1.6 (24/1505) | 2.3 (9/399) | 0.6 (2/317) | 1.7 (35/2094) | .526 |
| Unstable angina | 0.0 (0/165) | 0.3 (5/1505) | 0.5 (2/399) | 0.0 (0/317) | 0.3 (6/2094) | .716 |
| Fracture | 0.0 (0/165) | 0.7 (11/1505) | 1.3 (5/399) | 2.5 (8/317) | 0.6 (13/2094) | .005 |
| Clinical outcome at discharge | ||||||
| Died during admission | 3.7 (12/328) | 7.1 0(153/2155) | 7.6 (46/606) | 5.4 (32/596) | 6.2 (243/3900) | <.001 |
| Discharged home | 80.2 (263/328) | 82.0 (1767/2155) | 83.7 (507/606) | 76.7 (457/596) | 78.3 (3054/3900) | |
| Discharged to LTC | 5.2 (17/328) | 2.0 (44/2155) | 2.0 (12/606) | 6.2 (37/596) | 5.9 (230/3900) | |
| Discharged to assisted living | 4.0 (13/328) | 2.2 (47/2155) | 1.0 (6/606) | 5.0 (30/596) | 2.9 (113/3900) | |
| Discharged to palliative care | 0.6 (2/328) | 0.3 (6/2155) | 0.2 (1/606) | 0.7 (4/596) | 0.5 (18/3900) | |
| Transferred to a rehabilitation facility | 2.7 (9/328) | 3.2 (68/2155) | 2.8 (17/606) | 2.3 (14/596) | 2.7 (106/3900) | |
| Transferred to another healthcare facility for completion of treatment | 1.5 (5/328) | 1.2 (25/2155) | 0.7 (4/606) | 1.2 (7/596) | 1.6 (61/3900) | |
| Transferred to another healthcare facility for management of sequelae | 0.9 (3/328) | 0.4 (9/2155) | 0.5 (3/606) | 0.5 (3/596) | 0.5 (21/3900) | |
| In hospital, alternate level of care | 0.9 (3/328) | 1.2 (26/2155) | 0.8 (5/606) | 1.0 (6/596) | 1.1 (41/3900) | |
| Recovered but in hospital, unrelated | 0.3 (1/328) | 0.1 (3/2155) | 0.0 (0/606) | 0.2 (1/596) | 0.1 (4/3900) |
Data are presented as % (no./No.) unless otherwise indicated. Coinfections were excluded to compare patient outcomes between viruses.
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; ED, emergency department; FluA, influenza A; FluB, influenza B; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; LOS, length of stay; LTC, long-term care; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.