Table 3.

Populations studied across interventions

Population characteristics	Midwifery models	Interdisciplinary care	Community-centred
Socially isolated women	✓	✓	✓
Living in poverty/deprivation or homeless	✓	✓	✓
Refugees/asylum seekers	✓	✓	✓
Non-native language speakers	✓	✓	✓
Victims of abuse		✓	✓
Sex workers
Young mothers	✓	✓	✓
Unsupported mothers	✓	✓	✓
Women within travelling communities
Safeguarding concerns	✓
Women with substance/alcohol abuse issues	✓	✓	✓
Physical/emotional/learning disabilities
Victims of female genital mutilation	✓
Women who are HIV positive		✓
Ethnic minorities	✓	✓	✓