Table 2 .
Comparison between COVID-19 positive vs. COVID-19 negative patients in period B
| COVID-19 negative | COVID-19 positive | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of hip fractures (n) | 214 | 28 | |
| Mean age (SD) | 83.4 (8.2) | 87.2 (7.5) | 0.021 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 149 (69.6%) | 19 (67.9%) | 0.848 |
| Male | 65 (30.4%) | 9 (32.1%) | |
| ASA Grade | |||
| 1 | 1 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.629 |
| 2 | 42 (19.6%) | 6 (21.4%) | |
| 3 | 130 (60.7%) | 14 (50.0%) | |
| 4 | 41 (19.2%) | 8 (28.6%) | |
| Pre-operative AMTS | |||
| 0–6 | 70 (32.7%) | 12 (42.9%) | 0.286 |
| 7–10 | 144 (67.3%) | 16 (57.1%) | |
| Pre-admission residence | |||
| Nursing care | 22 (10.3%) | 4 (14.3%) | 0.126 |
| Own home/sheltered housing | 171 (79.9%) | 18 (64.3%) | |
| Residential care | 21 (9.8%) | 6 (21.4%) | |
| Fracture type | |||
| Intracapsular – displaced | 114 (53.3%) | 9 (32.1%) | 0.024 |
| Intracapsular – undisplaced | 20 (9.3%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Subtrochanteric | 8 (3.7%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Trochanteric – grade A1/A2 | 64 (29.9%) | 17 (60.7%) | |
| Trochanteric – grade A3 | 8 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Mean time to surgery - hours (SD) | 31.6 (24.9) | 41.6 (41.1) | 0.074 |
| Delay in surgery >36h? | |||
| No | 147 (68.7%) | 14 (50.0%) | 0.049 |
| Yes | 66 (30.8%) | 13 (46.4%) | |
| N/A – surgery not performed | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Mean time to orthogeriatric assessment – hours (SD) | 30.0 (29.7) | 23.9 (13.6) | 0.297 |
| Treatment | |||
| Hemiarthroplasty (cemented) | 98 (45.8%) | 9 (32.1%) | 0.198 |
| Hemiarthroplasty (uncemented) | 8 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Cannulated hip screws | 10 (4.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Dynamic hip screw | 54 (25.2%) | 13 (46.4%) | |
| Long intramedullary nail | 21 (9.8%) | 4 (14.3%) | |
| Short intramedullary nail | 12 (5.6%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Total hip replacement (cemented) | 2 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Total hip replacement (hybrid) | 6 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Total hip replacement (uncemented) | 2 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Nonsurgical treatment | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Mean length of inpatient stay – days (SD) | 11.7 (8.2) | 15.8 (10.1) | 0.015 |
| Return to operating theatre (%) | 2 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | – |
| 30-day mortality (%) | 22 (6.7%) | 15 (53.6%) | <0.001 |
| Discharge destination | |||
| Death during inpatient admission | 23 (7.0%) | 13 (46.4%) | <0.001 |
| Nursing care | 25 (7.6%) | 2 (7.1%) | |
| Own home/sheltered housing | 154 (47.1%) | 5 (17.9%) | |
| Rehabilitation unit | 96 (29.4%) | 7 (25.0%) | |
| Residential care | 22 (6.7%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Transfer to another acute hospital | 3 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Other | 4 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Discharge to pre-admission residence? | |||
| No | 136 (41.6%) | 20 (71.4%) | 0.002 |
| Yes | 191 (58.4%) | 8 (28.6%) | |
ASA = American Society of Anaesthesiologists; AMTS = abbreviated mental test score; SD = standard deviation