FIGURE 1.

Generation and application of iPSC‐RO and iPSC‐RPE. PSCs can be either induced from somatic cells of affected individuals to generate iPSCs, or genetically engineered using gene editing approaches to introduce relevant mutations into existing PSC lines. The resulting stem cells can undergo differentiation to retinal organoid or RPE tissues for the study of disease in a patient‐specific context. These PSC‐derived tissues can be assayed via a myriad of laboratory techniques to understand the pathogenesis of retinal disease throughout retinogenesis on a molecular level.