Table 3.
Relationship between aggressive treatments and level of treatment aggressiveness before death with palliative care among patients with kidney failure by multivariable regression
| OR/estimate | 95% CI | P value | C/R2 | Likelihood ratio/F value | P value | |
| More than one ED visit within 30 days before death | 0.68 | 0.61 to 0.75 | <0.001 | 0.547 | 68.13 | <0.001 |
| More than one admission within 30 days before death | 0.62 | 0.56 to 0.69 | <0.001 | 0.586 | 209.65 | <0.001 |
| More than 14 days of hospitalisation within 30 days before death | 1.19 | 1.05 to 1.35 | 0.009 | 0.573 | 96.29 | <0.001 |
| Admission to ICU within 30 days before death | 0.70 | 0.62 to 0.78 | <0.001 | 0.561 | 97.69 | <0.001 |
| Death in hospital | 0.93 | 0.83 to 1.03 | 0.152 | 0.600 | 308.29 | <0.001 |
| ETT within 30 days before death | 0.38 | 0.33 to 0.44 | <0.001 | 0.652 | 628.76 | <0.001 |
| Ventilator use within 30 days before death | 0.83 | 0.69 to 1.01 | 0.059 | 0.598 | 261.75 | <0.001 |
| CPR within 30 days before death | 0.23 | 0.18 to 0.28 | <0.001 | 0.669 | 621.19 | <0.001 |
| Aggressiveness rate† | −0.09 | −0.10 to 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.027 | 46.26 | <0.0001 |
| Aggressiveness rate* | −0.06 | −0.07 to 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.013 | 22.67 | <0.001 |
| BT within 30 days before death | 1.09 | 0.98 to 1.21 | 0.127 | 0.550 | 69.3917 | <0.001 |
| Use of NG, gastrostomy or TPN within 30 days before death | 0.91 | 0.82 to 1.02 | 0.094 | 0.554 | 94.89 | <0.001 |
Adjusted for age, gender, low income, living in rural areas and CCI.
*Consisted of five aggressive treatments, including more than one ED visit within 30 days before death, more than one admission within 30 days before death, a longer than 14-day admission within 30 days before death, admission to ICU within 30 days before death and death in hospital.
†Consisted of eight aggressive treatments, including more than one ED visit within 30 days before death, more than one admission within 30 days before death, a longer than 14-day admission within 30 days before death, admission to ICU within 30 days before death, death in hospital, ETT within 30 days before death, ventilator use within 30 days before death and CPR within 30 days before death.
BT, blood transfusion; CCI, Charlson’s Comorbidity Index; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ED, emergency department; ETT, endotracheal tube; ICU, intensive care unit; NG, nasogastric tube; TPN, total parenteral nutrition.