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. 2023 Jun 27;14:1174120. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1174120

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Copyright © 2023 Shafiei, Jafari-Gharabaghlou, Farhoudi-Sefidan-Jadid, Alizadeh, Fathi and Zarghami.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MTT assay results revealed in vitro cytotoxicity of blank NIOs (control), Silibinin, Silibinin loaded NIOs, Silibinin loaded magnetic NIOs NPs on HT-29 colon cancer cells [(A) and (B)], and HEK-293 normal cell line [(C) and (D)] after 24 h and 48 h incubation time. Encapsulation of silibinin in MNNPs improved its cytotoxic effect on HT-29 colon cancer cells, while it had no significant cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Error bars show standard variations and significance is indicated by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 compared to the control group.