Table 1.
Some oncolytic adenoviruses are under study.
| Number | The virus name | Modification | Phase | Combination | Applicable disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H101 | Deletion in the E1B-55 k gene and four deletions in the E3 gene | Listed | Chemotherapy | EC, NPC, and HNC | Xu et al. (2021); Garber (2006); Liang (2012); Wei et al. (2018); Jin et al. (2021) |
| 2 | ADV-TK | Deletion of the ICP34.5 gene and ICP47 gene | Phase III | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and PD-1 | HCC, lung cancer, MG, PAAD, PRAD, and SCCHN | Rojas-Martínez et al. (2013); Kieran et al. (2019) |
| 3 | CG0070 | Carriage of the cancer-selective promoter E2F-1 | Phase III | / | BDC | Ramesh et al. (2006); Burke et al. (2012); Packiam et al. (2018); Oronsky et al. (2022) |
| 4 | E10A | Deletion in the E1 and partial E3 region | Phase III | Cisplatin, paclitaxel | Solid tumor | Lin et al. (2007); Li et al. (2008) |
| 5 | DNX-2401 (CCTG-602, Delta-24-RGD) |
E1A 24 bp-deleted | Phase II | PD-1 | Glioblastoma | Kimball et al. (2010); Pesonen et al. (2012); Kim et al. (2013); Hemminki et al. (2015); Lang et al. (2018); Carpenter et al. (2021); Oronsky et al. (2022) |
| 6 | KH901 | The sequence of the promoter was modified to include two E2F-1 binding sites | Phase II | Chemotherapy | SCCHN | Shen et al. (2007a,b); Chang et al. (2009); Wei et al. (2018) |
| 7 | LOAd703 | Deletion of 24 base pairs within the E1A region’s retinoblastoma binding domain | Phase II | PD-1, paclitaxel | PAAD, MM | Eriksson et al. (2017); Wenthe et al. (2020); Wenthe et al. (2021); Oronsky et al. (2022) |
| 8 | OBP-301 | hTERT promoter sequence inserted into the DNA sequence before the E1 genes | Phase II | Chemotherapy | Solid tumor | Watanabe et al. (2006); Huang et al. (2008); Nakajima et al. (2009); Nemunaitis et al. (2010); Huang et al. (2008); Shirakawa et al. (2021); Oronsky et al. (2022) |
| 9 | ONCOS-102 (CGTG-102, Ad5/3-D24-GMCSF) |
Deletion of 24 base pairs in the retinoblastoma binding domain of the E1A region | Phase II | Chemotherapy, PD-1 | CC, melanoma, MPM, OC, and PRAD | Kanerva et al. (2013); Bramante et al. (2014); Siurala et al. (2015); Vassilev et al. (2015); Oronsky et al. (2022) |
| 10 | ONYX-015 (dl1520, CG7870) |
Deletion of 827 bp in the E1B region | Phase II | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy | BC, PRAD, and SCCHN | Heise et al. (1997); Kirn et al. (1998); Reid et al. (2002); Chiocca et al. (2004); Galanis et al. (2010); Dilley et al. (2005); Small et al. (2006); Parmar et al. (2022) |
| 11 | ORCA-010 | T1 mutation in the E3/19K gene, 24 mutations in the E1A region | Phase II | / | PRAD | Dong et al. (2014); Milenova et al. (2021) |
| 12 | ColoAd1 (Enadenotucirev) |
Generated through directed evolution of the adenovirus | Phase I | Radiotherapy | BDC, CC, HCC, OC, and renal carcinoma | Kuhn et al. (2008); Garcia-Carbonero et al. (2017); Machiels et al. (2019) |
| 13 | CV706 | Insertion of a minimal promoter-enhancer construct by human PSA gene (PSE) 5′ of E1A and 3′ of the E1A promoter | Phase I | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy | PRAD | Chen et al. (2001); DeWeese et al. (2001) |
| 14 | H103 | Carriage of the heat shock protein (HSP) 70 gene | Phase I | / | Solid tumor | Li et al. (2009); Wei et al. (2018) |
| 15 | ICOVIR5 | Deletion of the E1A region responsible for retinoblastoma protein binding, an RGD sequence inserted at the fiber knob | Phase I | / | Melanoma, retinoblastoma | Abate-Daga et al. (2011); Rincon et al. (2017); García et al. (2019) |
| 16 | ICOVIR-7 | Modification of the E2F promoter and an Rb-binding site deletion of E1A | Phase I | / | Solid tumor | Rojas et al. (2009); Nokisalmi et al. (2010) |
| 17 | TILT-123 | E2F promoter and the 24-base-pair deletion in constant region 2 of E1A | Phase I | PD-1 | Solid tumor | Havunen et al. (2021) |
| 18 | VCN-01 | E1A 24 bp-deleted, partially E3 deleted | Phase I | Paclitaxel, gemcitabine | Solid tumor | Rodriguez-Garcia et al. (2015); Pascual-Pasto et al. (2019) |
BDC, bladder cancer; CC, colorectal cancer; EC, esophageal carcinoma; GC, gastrointestinal cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HNC, head and neck cancer; MG, malignant glioma; MM, multiple myeloma; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; OC, ovarian cancer; PAAD, pancreatic adenocarcinoma; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; PRAD, prostate adenocarcinoma; and SCCNH, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.