Table 6.
Some other oncolytic viruses are under study.
| Number | Virus type | Modification | The virus name | Phase | Applicable disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | EHCO-7 | Naturally occurring virus with oncolytic features | Rigvir | Listed | BCD, CC, melanoma, PAAD, PRAD, renal carcinoma, and SCLC | Doniņa et al. (2015); Alberts et al. (2016); Brokane et al. (2019) |
| 2 | Coxsackie virus | Naturally occurring virus in the human body with oncolytic features and without pathogenicity | CVA21 (Cavatak) | Phase II | BDC, melanoma, SCLC, and PRAD |
Bradley et al. (2014); Annels et al. (2019); Li et al. (2022) |
| 3 | Parainfluenza virus | Naturally occurring virus after removal of pathogenicity | HVJ (SeV) | Phase II | PRAD | Kaneda et al. (2010); Kiyohara et al. (2020); Fujita et al. (2020) |
| 4 | Influenza A virus | Naturally occurring virus with oncolytic features | M1 | Phase II | BCD, CC, HCC, melanoma, NPC, and PRAD | Zhang et al. (2016); Cai and Yan (2021) |
| 5 | H-1PV | Naturally occurring virus with oncolytic features | ParvOryx | Phase II | Glioblastoma | Hajda et al. (2017); Geletneky et al. (2017) |
| 6 | Measles virus | Insertion of the human CEA gene upstream of the MV N gene | MV-CEA | Phase I | Glioblastoma, HCC, OC | Hasegawa et al. (2006); Galanis et al. (2010); Zhang et al. (2012) |
| 7 | SVV | Naturally occurring virus with oncolytic features | NTX-010 (SVV-001) | Phase I | Carcinoid, NEC | Rudin et al. (2011); Burke et al. (2015); Burke (2016); Schenk et al. (2020) |
| 8 | Poliovirus | Exchanging of cognate internal ribosomal entry site with human rhinovirus type 2 | PVSRIPO | Phase I | BC, MG, melanoma, and glioblastoma | Goetz et al. (2010); Brown et al. (2014); Brown and Gromeier (2015) |
| 9 | VSV | Glycoprotein replaced by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus | VSV-GP | Phase I | Glioblastoma, HCC, and melanoma | Tober et al. (2014); Schreiber et al. (2019) |
BDC, bladder cancer; CC, colorectal cancer; GC, gastrointestinal cancer; H-1PV, H1 Parvovirus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; OC, ovarian cancer; PAAD, pancreatic adenocarcinoma; PRAD, prostate adenocarcinoma; SCCNH, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; and SVV: seneca valley virus.