Table 3. Recommendations for use of probiotics by geographic region.
1Available evidence supports use in UC but not CD or pouchitis; 2For mildly active UC. T: treatment; P: prevention; AAD: antibiotic-associated diarrhea; CDAD: Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea; CD: Cronhn's disease; ibd: Inflammatory bowel disease; IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome; UC: ulcerative colitis; VSL#3: Proprietary mixture of eight probiotic strains. Figure modified from Cameron et al. [27].
| Diseases | Indication | Europe | USA | Latin America | World |
| Acute gastroenteritis | T | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii, L. reurteri | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii, L. reuteri | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii, Indian Dahi |
| AAD | p | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii | L. rhamnosus GG, S. boulardii, B. lactis Bb12 + S. thermophilus, L. rhamnosus strains E/N, Oxy and Pen |
| CDAD | P | S. boulardii | |||
| Nosocomial diarrhea | P | L. rhamnosus GG | L. rhamnosus GG | L. rhamnosus GG, B. lactis Bb12, S. thermophilus, B. bifidum | L. rhamnosus GG, B. lactis Bb12 + S. thermophilus |
| Traveler’s diarrhea | P | S. boulardii | |||
| Functional intestinal disorders (IBS) | T | Insufficient evidence | L. rhamnosus GG, VSL#3 | L. rhamnosus GG, l. REUTERI dsm 17938 | |
| Infant colic | T | L. retuteri DSM 17938 | L. reuteri DSM 17938 | L. reuteri DSM 17938 | |
| IBD (CD, UC, pouchitis) | T | E. coli Nissle 1917, VSL#31 | VSL#31 | VSL#32 | |
| Helicobacter pylori infection | T | Not recommended | L. casei DN-114 001 |