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. 2023 Mar 30;49(3):281–298. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2022.0587

Table 3. Characteristics of size and composition of urinary stones in the patients.

Items Studies Number of patients Heterogeneity Overall effect  
BMI<25 vs BMI≥25 (kg/m2) p value I2 (%) RR/WMD (95% CI) p value*
size of urolithiasis [14, 20, 26, 29] 618/406 0.64 0 -0.13(-0.98, 0.73) 0.77
calcium oxalate [19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30-32] 4103/3831 <0.00001 96% 0.95(0.91, 0.98) 0.006
calcium oxalate (male) [22, 25, 27] 970/728 0.8 0% 1.34(1.05, 1.72) 0.02
calcium oxalate (female) [22, 25, 27] 484/337 0.32 13% 1.16(0.85, 1.58) 0.36
calcium phosphate [21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30-32] 3264/3292 <0.00001 91% 1.15(0.97, 1.35) 0.1
calcium phosphate(male) [22, 25, 27] 970/728 0.82 0% 1.52(1.06, 2.17) 0.02
calcium phosphate(female) [22, 25, 27] 484/337 0.76 0% 1.19(0.90, 1.58) 0.22
uric acid [19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30-32] 5519/4879 0.00001 98% 0.87(0.83, 0.91) <0.00001
uric acid (male) [22, 25, 27] 970/728 0.66 0% 0.48(0.36, 0.64) <0.00001
uric acid (female) [22, 25, 27] 484/337 0.72 0% 0.47(0.29, 0.76) 0.002
carbapatite [19, 27, 32] 1032/1104 0.52 0% 1.09(0.85, 1.40) 0.51
cystin [27, 32] 193/565 0.02 81% 2.52(1.20, 5.31) 0.01
mixed stones [19, 24, 25, 27, 31] 1751/2316 0.36 9% 1.15(1.06, 1.24) 0.00009
mixed stones (male) [25, 27] 86/242 0.79 0% 1.04(0.68, 1.57) 0.87
mixed stones (female) [25, 27] 109/151 0.07 69% 1.05(0.77, 1.43) 0.74

*p <0.05 was considered statistically significant and shown in bold.