Table 7.
Pairwise comparison for problem solving variable
| Group | Measure | Time (I) | Time (J) | Mean difference (I−J) | Standard error | Sig. | 95% Confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Lower bound | Upper bound | |||||||
| tDCS + medication | TET | Pretest | Posttest | 180.133 | 68.421 | 0.062 | −7.745 | 368.012 |
| Follow-up | 252.867* | 58.863 | 0.003 | 91.232 | 414.501 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −180.133 | 68.421 | 0.062 | −368.012 | 7.745 | ||
| Follow-up | 72.733 | 30.399 | 0.098 | −10.740 | 156.207 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −252.867* | 58.863 | 0.003 | −414.501 | −91.232 | ||
| Posttest | −72.733 | 30.399 | 0.098 | −156.207 | 10.740 | |||
| LT | Pretest | Posttest | −18.867 | 31.512 | 1.000 | −105.397 | 67.664 | |
| Follow-up | 23.400 | 20.101 | 0.796 | −31.795 | 78.595 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | 18.867 | 31.512 | 1.000 | −67.664 | 105.397 | ||
| Follow-up | 42.267 | 22.415 | 0.246 | −19.283 | 103.817 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −23.400 | 20.101 | 0.796 | −78.595 | 31.795 | ||
| Posttest | −42.267 | 22.415 | 0.246 | −103.817 | 19.283 | |||
| TPST | Pretest | Posttest | 165.067* | 53.184 | 0.025 | 19.025 | 311.108 | |
| Follow-up | 203.600* | 52.337 | 0.006 | 59.887 | 347.313 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −165.067* | 53.184 | 0.025 | −311.108 | −19.025 | ||
| Follow-up | 38.533 | 22.814 | 0.345 | −24.113 | 101.180 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −203.600* | 52.337 | 0.006 | −347.313 | −59.887 | ||
| Posttest | −38.533 | 22.814 | 0.345 | −101.180 | 24.113 | |||
| TNE | Pretest | Posttest | 12.200* | 1.549 | 0.000 | 7.948 | 16.452 | |
| Follow-up | 12.200* | 2.133 | 0.000 | 6.344 | 18.056 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −12.200* | 1.549 | 0.000 | −16.452 | −7.948 | ||
| Follow-up | 0.000 | 1.335 | 1.000 | −3.666 | 3.666 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −12.200* | 2.133 | 0.000 | −18.056 | −6.344 | ||
| Posttest | 0.000 | 1.335 | 1.000 | −3.666 | 3.666 | |||
| Total test score | Pretest | Posttest | −2.400 | 1.244 | 0.227 | −5.815 | 1.015 | |
| Follow-up | −3.667* | 0.935 | 0.005 | −6.233 | −1.100 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | 2.400 | 1.244 | 0.227 | −1.015 | 5.815 | ||
| Follow-up | −1.267 | 1.020 | 0.709 | −4.068 | 1.534 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | 3.667* | 0.935 | 0.005 | 1.100 | 6.233 | ||
| Posttest | 1.267 | 1.020 | 0.709 | −1.534 | 4.068 | |||
| Medication | TET | Pretest | Posttest | 109.533 | 66.220 | 0.366 | −72.302 | 291.369 |
| Follow-up | 245.533* | 51.407 | 0.001 | 104.372 | 386.694 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −109.533 | 66.220 | 0.366 | −291.369 | 72.302 | ||
| Follow-up | 136.000 | 68.834 | 0.209 | −53.013 | 325.013 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −245.533* | 51.407 | 0.001 | −386.694 | −104.372 | ||
| Posttest | −136.000 | 68.834 | 0.209 | −325.013 | 53.013 | |||
| LT | Pretest | Posttest | 25.800 | 25.530 | 0.992 | −44.303 | 95.903 | |
| Follow-up | 60.467 | 42.990 | 0.549 | −57.580 | 178.513 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −25.800 | 25.530 | 0.992 | −95.903 | 44.303 | ||
| Follow-up | 34.667 | 39.797 | 1.000 | −74.614 | 143.947 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −60.467 | 42.990 | 0.549 | −178.513 | 57.580 | ||
| Posttest | −34.667 | 39.797 | 1.000 | −143.947 | 74.614 | |||
| TPST | Pretest | Posttest | 84.400 | 46.807 | 0.284 | −44.129 | 212.929 | |
| Follow-up | 185.000* | 40.338 | 0.002 | 74.235 | 295.765 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −84.400 | 46.807 | 0.284 | −212.929 | 44.129 | ||
| Follow-up | 100.600 | 38.246 | 0.062 | −4.423 | 205.623 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −185.000* | 40.338 | 0.002 | −295.765 | −74.235 | ||
| Posttest | −100.600 | 38.246 | 0.062 | −205.623 | 4.423 | |||
| TNE | Pretest | Posttest | 1.133 | 1.895 | 1.000 | −4.071 | 6.337 | |
| Follow-up | 6.600* | 2.205 | 0.031 | 0.544 | 12.656 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | −1.133 | 1.895 | 1.000 | −6.337 | 4.071 | ||
| Follow-up | 5.467 | 2.634 | 0.175 | −1.767 | 12.700 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | −6.600* | 2.205 | 0.031 | −12.656 | −0.544 | ||
| Posttest | −5.467 | 2.634 | 0.175 | −12.700 | 1.767 | |||
| Total test score | Pretest | Posttest | −1.200 | 1.153 | 0.951 | −4.366 | 1.966 | |
| Follow-up | −3.667* | 0.728 | 0.001 | −5.665 | −1.668 | |||
| Posttest | Pretest | 1.200 | 1.153 | 0.951 | −1.966 | 4.366 | ||
| Follow-up | −2.467 | 1.130 | 0.144 | −5.569 | 0.636 | |||
| Follow-up | Pretest | 3.667* | 0.728 | 0.001 | 1.668 | 5.665 | ||
| Posttest | 2.467 | 1.130 | 0.144 | −0.636 | 5.569 | |||
TET, total execution time; LT, latency time; TPST, total planning-solving time; TNE, total number of errors; Sig., significant.
*The mean difference is significant at p < 0.05.