Fig. 5. Trained phenotype of alveolar macrophages induced by dNS1-RBD and dNS1-Vector.
A–C Statistical analysis plots for gMFI of MHC II (A), CD80 (B) and CD86 (C) on AMs in C57BL/6 mice after immunization (dNS1-RBD or dNS1-Vector). n = 6 biologically independent mice/group, control (gray), dNS1-Vector (blue) and dNS1-RBD (red). D Statistical analysis plots for gMFI of MHC II on AMs in C57BL/6 mice after vaccine immunization (1 × 106 PFU/mL, 1 × 105 PFU/mL, 1 × 104 PFU/mL, 1 × 103 PFU/mL, 1 × 102 PFU/mL). n = 6 biologically independent mice/group, compared with the 1 × 106 PFU/mL group is represented in pink (1 × 105 PFU/mL in orange, 1 × 104 PFU/mL group in yellow, 1 × 103 PFU/mL in purple, and 1 × 102 PFU/mL in green). E KEGG and GO enrichment result of shared peaks, with color bar on –log10 (q-value) scale. F Venn diagram showing differential ATAC-seq peaks (annotated as promoters) for dNS1-RBD or dNS1-Vector compared to the Control group. G Scatter-plot of differentially detected ATAC-seq peaks (log2FC > 1.5, q-value < 0.05) of AMs (Lung) in the dNS1-RBD vaccination group compared to the control group in C57BL/6. H IGV tracks showing differentially detected peaks related to host defense and antiviral response in C57BL/6 mice from dNS1-RBD vaccination group, dNS1-Vector vaccination group and control group. n = 2 biologically independent mice/group, control (black), dNS1-Vector (blue) and dNS1-RBD (red). I Scatter-plot of differentially detected ATAC-seq peaks (log2FC > 1.5, q-value < 0.05) of AMs (BALF) in dNS1-RBD vaccination group compared to control group in hamsters. J IGV tracks showing differentially detected peaks related to host defense and antiviral response in hamsters. n = 2 biologically independent hamsters/group, control (black), dNS1-Vector (blue) and dNS1-RBD (red). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistics analyses were Mann–Whitney tests (two-sided). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. gMFI: Geometry Mean Fluorescence Intensity; MHC-II: major histocompatibility-II; AMs: alveolar macrophages; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; ATAC-seq: Assay for Targeting Accessible-Chromatin with high-throughout sequencing; IGV: Integrative genomics viewer; BALF: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.