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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Aging Ment Health. 2023 Jan 12;27(10):2070–2077. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2165623

Table 2.

Logistic Regression Analysis of the Association Between Sense of Control and Prescription Drug Misuse.

Variable Continuous Sense of Control
B SE Odds Ratio (95% CI) p-value
Age 0.003 0.01 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) 0.74
Female 0.38 0.18 1.46 (1.02, 2.09) 0.037
College Educated −0.41 0.17 0.66 (0.47, 0.93) 0.018
Married or Cohabitating 0.21 0.19 1.23 (0.86, 1.80) 0.27
White 0.16 0.32 1.17 (0.65, 2.26) 0.61
Employed 0.08 0.21 1.09 (0.73, 1.64) 0.68
Insured −0.26 0.29 0.77 (0.44, 1.39) 0.37
Income a
   Quartile 2 0.11 0.24 1.11 (0.69, 1.79) 0.67
   Quartile 3 −0.44 0.29 0.65 (0.36, 1.14) 0.14
   Quartile 4 0.10 0.29 1.10 (0.62, 1.95) 0.73
Chronic Conditions 0.01 0.04 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) 0.81
Prescription Meds 0.13 0.05 1.14 (1.03, 1.26) 0.008
Hospital Stay −0.03 0.17 0.97 (0.68, 1.34) 0.87
Chronic Pain 0.06 0.17 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) 0.72
Depression 0.14 0.23 1.15 (0.73, 1.80) 0.54
Baseline PDM 1.51 0.19 4.52 (3.07, 6.60) <0.001
Alcohol-Related Problems 0.78 0.18 2.18 (1.52, 3.12) <0.001
Cigarette Use 0.11 0.22 1.11 (0.72, 1.68) 0.62
Neuroticism 0.30 0.14 1.35 (1.03, 1.77) 0.029
Purpose in Life 0.01 0.01 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) 0.61
Continuous Sense of Control −0.28 0.10 0.76 (0.62, 0.92) 0.005
a

Note. Lowest income quartile (Quartile 1) used as the reference category.