Table 9.

Summary of studies on advanced persistent threat (APT) detection techniques, aggregated by single-stage or multistage APT.

Technique	APT detection (single stage)	APT fingerprint (multistage)
Machine learning	[66,67,76,78,80,83,84,86,88,92,100,102,103,107,109,110,113,114,[117], [118], [119], [120]]	[89,93,[95], [96], [97],112,121,125]
Deep learning	[71,75,82,90,91,98,104,105,108,123,126,129,130,133]	[124,128]
Static analysis	[81,94,101]
Other artificial intelligence techniques	[70,72,74,77,79,122,132]	[131]
Statistical analysis	[65,68,73,85,87,116]	[69,99,111,127]