Table 2.

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and generalized estimated equations (GEE) for self-efficacy and the secondary outcomes.

Outcome measure	Range	GEE (P value)	ANCOVA-M0				ANCOVA-M6				P value
			Sample, N	Control, mean	Intervention, mean	Sample, N		Control, mean	Intervention, mean
Self-efficacy (GSEa)b	10-40	.98	198	27.62	28.69	42		29.64	29.45	.85
Anxiety (HADSc)d	0-21	.86	198	13.31	12.80	42		12.14	11.55	.60
Depression (HADS)e	0-21	.19	198	10.07	8.56	42		10.68	8.20	.29
Awareness (modified Contemplation Ladder)	0-10	.97	198	6.54	6.65	41		5.59	6.37	.87
Social support (MOS-SS5)	5-25	.13	198	15.88	15.82	38		14.89	17.58	.26
Fear of partner (VASf)d	0-10	.46	198	5.68	5.97	42		4.73	5.30	.71
Support by website (VAS)g	0-10	.88	N/A	N/A	N/A	42		4.09	5.00	.23

^aGSE: General Self-Efficacy Scale.

^bNo significant differences for the primary and secondary measures were found for M3 and M12. General population’s average on General Self-Efficacy Scale is 29, a higher score means a higher level of self-efficacy. No significant differences were found for self-efficacy in the complete case analysis either.

^cHADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

^dFor anxiety and fear of partner, we did find significant improvements over time for both groups, P=.006 and P=.02, respectively.

^eA significant difference (P=.025) was found only between the study arms, not over time, from M0 on.

^fVAS: Visual Analogue Scale.

^gThis outcome was only measured in follow-up surveys, not at M0.