Table 2.
Generalized estimating equation models to compare the differences among the three groups, using the control group as the reference.a
| Parameter | OMGb×T2c, β (95% CI) | OMG×T3d, β (95% CI) | TCMGe×T2, β (95% CI) | TCMG×T3, β (95% CI) |
| FPGf | −1.18 (−5.92 to 3.56) | 3.17 (−2.22 to 8.56) | −2.52 (−7.39 to 2.35) | −.37 (−5.61 to 4.86) |
| HbA1cg | −.06 (−.15 to .04) | −.05 (−.14 to .04) | −.08 (−.18 to .02) | −.11 (−.21 to −.01) |
| Yang-deficiency BCh | –.81 (−3.16 to 1.53) | −.46 (−2.73 to 1.81) | −3.15 (−6.09 to −.21) | −2.37 (−5.04 to .29) |
| Yin-deficiency BC | –.02 (–2.56 to 2.52) | .03 (–2.08 to 2.13) | –2.29 (–5.28 to .70) | –1.62 (–4.21 to .96) |
| Phlegm-statis BC | −1.36 (−4.16 to 1.44) | −1.88 (−4.38 to .63) | −3.45 (−6.49 to −.42) | −3.30 (−6.01 to −.58) |
| Body energy | –.16 (−11.23 to 10.91) | −5.84 (−17.68 to 6.01) | 8.60 (−1.91 to 19.11) | 7.81 (−3.36 to 18.98) |
| PCSi | 2.56 (−.44 to 5.56) | 2.90 (−.07 to 5.89) | 4.93 (1.97 to 7.89) | 4.89 (1.92 to 7.87) |
| MCSj | 4.63 (.91 to 8.35) | 2.68 (−1.16 to 6.51) | 8.11 (3.82 to 12.40) | 7.26 (3.35 to 11.17) |
| BMI | −.03 (−.34 to .29) | −.24 (−.61 to .13) | −.12 (−.43 to .20) | −.37 (−.73 to −.02) |
| DASHk dietary behavior | .22 (−1.42 to 1.86) | −.51 (−2.49 to 1.48) | 1.21 (−.62 to 3.06) | .99 (−1.05 to 3.04) |
| Total physical activity | 236.33 (−231.76 to 704.43) | 213.18 (−360.50 to 786.86) | 248.59 (−191.18 to 688.37) | 122.74 (−459.22 to 704.71) |
aInteraction effects were examined after adjustments for age and gender, and the baseline value of the outcome variable; baseline and control group served as references.
bOMG: ordinary mobile health app group.
cT2: end of the intervention.
dT3: 1 month after the intervention.
eTCMG: traditional Chinese medicine mobile health app group.
fFPG: fasting plasma glucose.
gHbA1c: hemoglobin A1c.
hBC: body constitution.
iPCS: physical component score.
jMCS: mental component score.
kDASH: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.