Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Country | Epidemiological scenario | Target | Setting | Institutional level |
| Asiimwe et al [25], 2021 | Africa–Ghana (Greater Accra Region) | First wave | General population | Regional territory | Government |
| Breeher et al [32], 2020 | United States–Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona | First wave | Health care workers and patients | Hospital (Mayo Clinic) | Specific context |
| Clarke et al [40], 2020 | Europe–Ireland | First wave | Detainees | Prison | Government |
| de Laval et al [37], 2021 | Europe–France | First wave | Workers | Working environment (Creil Air Base–MSFACa) | Government |
| Draper et al [38], 2021 | Australia–Northern Territory | First wave | Travelers entering Australia and general population | Airports, ports, and communities | Government |
| Fields et al [41], 2021 | United States–Utah (Salt Lake County) | First wave | General population and PEHb | County territory and accommodation for PEH | Government |
| Hall et al [36], 2021 | United States–Virginia | First wave | Workers and their external contacts | Work environment (US Navy Medicine, the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Falls Church) | Specific context |
| Zirbes et al [33], 2021 | Europe–Germany | First and second wave | Patients, employees, and health care workers | Marburg University Hospital | Specific context |
| Kalyanaraman and Fraser [26], 2021 | United States–County in Maryland | First wave | General population | County territory | Government |
| Koetter et al [27], 2021c | United States–Central Pennsylvania | First wave | General population, with CTd starting from hospital-diagnosed cases—Penn State College of Medicine | Territory of the region | Specific context |
| Mak et al [35], 2021 | China–Hong Kong | Not clearly stated | Patients | Department of Ophthalmology—United Christian Hospital Hong Kong | Specific context |
| Mueller et al [28], 2020 | Africa–Lagos State | First wave | General population | Territory of 5 subareas with the highest number of cases | Government |
| Niccolai [29], 2020 | United States–Connecticut (New Haven) | First wave | General population and university community | City territory and university (Yale University) | Government |
| Pelton et al [30], 2021c | United States–central Pennsylvania | First wave | General population, with CT starting from hospital-diagnosed cases—Penn State College of Medicine | Territory of the region | Specific context |
| Quach et al [39], 2021 | Vietnam–Hanoi | First wave | Travelers entering Vietnam | Flight | Government |
| Reid et al [31], 2021 | United States–City of San Francisco | First wave | General population | City territory | Government |
| Wong et al [34], 2020 | China–Hong Kong | First wave | Patients and health care workers | Queen Elizabeth Hospital | Specific context |
aMSFAC: Military Support Facility.
bPEH: people experiencing homelessness.
cThe articles refer to the same study but with 2 different focuses: Koetter et al [27] described the organizational model of contact tracing (CT), whereas Pelton et al [30] focused on key performance indicators.
dCT: contact tracing.