Table 4.

Interventions and physiological factors for predicting phenotype transition in the validation cohort.

Factor	M1a	M2	M3	M4
Cluster hospice+mortality, %	6.2	3.2	13.8	8.3
Average SOFAb change	+0.2	+0.1	+0.6	+0.4
Antibiotics administered within 3 hours of EDc triage (true/false), odds ratio (95% CI); P value	1.453 (1.17-1.8); .004d	0.932 (0.59-1.48); .80	0.99 (0.75-1.31); .95	0.757 (0.63-0.91); .02
Fluids administered within 3 hours of ED triage (true/false), odds ratio (95% CI); P value	1.017 (0.82-1.26); .90	1.027 (0.64-1.65); .93	1.213 (0.92-1.59); .24	0.896 (0.74-1.08); .34
Volume of fluids within 3 hours of ED triage ≥30 mL/kg (true/false), odds ratio (95% CI); P value	0.737 (0.46-1.17); .28	1.461 (0.34-6.32); .67	0.854 (0.55-1.33); .56	1.279 (0.9-1.81); .24
Phenotype 2, 3 hours after ED triage (true/false),e odds ratio (95% CI); P value	0.162 (0.11-0.24); <.001	39.817 (25.03-63.34); <.001	0.924 (0.36-2.37); =.89	0.286 (0.18-0.45); <.001
Phenotype 3, 3 hours after ED triage (true/false),e odds ratio (95% CI); P value	0.025 (0.01-0.04); <.001	0.07 (0.01-0.38); .01	32.448 (20.06-52.49); <.001	1.984 (1.53-2.57); <.001
Phenotype 4, 3 hours after ED triage (true/false),e odds ratio (95% CI); P value	0.131 (0.1-0.16); <.001	0 (0-Inf); .98	4.169 (2.6-6.69); <.001	5.539 (4.49-6.84); <.001

^aM1 to M4 correspond to the 4 logistic regression models predicting the 4 possible outcomes (transition to phenotype 1, transition to phenotype 2, etc) based on the current state and interventions.

^bSOFA: sequential organ failure assessment.

^cED: emergency department.

^dP values <.05 represent significance.

^eThe phenotype of the patient 3 hours after ED triage.