Table 2.
Primary and secondary outcomes for each treatment group at baseline and at the 3- and 15-month follow-up.
|
|
Baseline, mean (SD) | 3 months, mean (SD) | 15 months, mean (SD) | ||||||
|
|
NSEITa (n=70) | NSEb (n=70) | NSEIT (n=63) | NSE (n=64) | NSEIT (n=56) | NSE (n=58) | |||
| Primary outcome | |||||||||
|
|
NDIc (%)d | 39.4 (12.2) | 36.6 (10.8) | 30.5 (15.2) | 29.0 (13.8) | 28.6 (16.3) | 27.6 (13.4) | ||
| Secondary outcome | |||||||||
|
|
Neck pain averagee | 44.9 (20.6) | 47.6 (21.7) | 30.7 (24.6) | 34.2 (24.9) | 27.1 (24.5) | 28.1 (22.7) | ||
|
|
Neck pain nowe | 34.6 (21.4) | 39.7 (22.4) | 24.6 (22.9) | 25.7 (23.6) | 22.5 (22.1) | 22.4 (20.2) | ||
|
|
Arm pain averagef | 22.0 (23.3) | 19.9 (23.5) | 12.7 (16.6) | 16.3 (21.8) | 13.2 (21.8) | 11.6 (20.4) | ||
|
|
Arm pain nowf | 16.7 (21.0) | 15.5 (21.5) | 10.5 (16.9) | 15.8 (23.6) | 10.7 (18.5) | 10.0 (18.4) | ||
|
|
WDQg,h | 56.7 (21.7) | 56.8 (22.4) | 47.2 (27.2) | 43.8 (24.4) | 39.9 (27.2) | 38.3 (24.7) | ||
|
|
PSFSi workj | 3.9 (2.5) | 3.9 (2.2) | 5.8 (2.7) | 5.6 (2.4) | 6.8 (2.4) | 6.3 (2.4) | ||
|
|
PSFS leisure timej | 3.7 (2.1) | 3.6 (2.3) | 5.9 (2.7) | 5.9 (2.4) | 7.1 (2.7) | 6.6 (2.9) | ||
|
|
PSFS physical activityj | 3.2 (2.5) | 3.5 (2.8) | 5.1 (3.1) | 4.7 (3.4) | 7.1 (2.9) | 6.2 (3.2) | ||
|
|
EQ-5D-3L indexk | 0.57 (0.29) | 0.64 (0.21) | 0.63 0.27) | 0.67 (0.23) | 0.66 (0.25) | 0.72 (0.23) | ||
|
|
EQ VASl,m | 57.7 (18.7) | 58.6 (17.0) | 63.5 (20.9) | 65.9 (20.3) | 62.9 (22.8) | 69.2 (19.6) | ||
|
|
GRSn,o | N/Ap | N/A | 1.8 (1.7) | 1.7 (1.8) | 2.1 (1.6) | 1.9 (1.9) | ||
aNSEIT: neck-specific exercise with internet support.
bNSE: neck-specific exercise at a physiotherapy clinic.
cNDI: Neck Disability Index.
dScored from 0% (no disability) to 100% (high disability).
eNeck pain average previous week and now; Visual Analog Scale, scored from 0 mm (no pain) to 100 mm (worst imaginable pain).
fArm pain average previous week and now; Visual Analog Scale, scored from 0 mm (no pain) to 100 mm (worst imaginable pain).
gWDQ: Whiplash Disability Questionnaire.
hScored from 0 (no disability) to 130 (high disability).
iPSFS: Patient-Specific Functional Scale.
jScored from 0 (unable to do) to 10 (functional level equal to preinjury status).
kScored from –0.59 to 1, where 1 indicating “full health” and 0 “a state as bad as being dead.”
lVAS: Visual Analog Scale.
mScored from 0 (the worst imaginable health state) to 100 (the best imaginable health state).
nGRS: Global Rating of Change Scale.
oScored from –5 (vastly worse), 0 (unchanged), to 5 (completely recovered).
pN/A: not applicable.