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. 2023 Jun 6;12:e85104. doi: 10.7554/eLife.85104

Table 1. Summary Statistics for the study population.

Telomere Length DNA methylation age Trancript-ome age Immuno-metabolic age
N (%) or Mean (SD) N (%) or Mean (SD) N (%) or Mean (SD) N (%) or Mean (SD)
N 1162 1173 1007 1152
Demographic factors
Age (years) 7.84 (1.54) 7.84 (1.54) 7.90 (1.50) 7.86 (1.55)
Sex-Male 639 (55) 644 (54.9) 547 (54.3) 628 (54.5)
Sex-Female 523 (45) 529 (45.1) 460 (45.7) 524 (45.5)
Ethnicity-White 1039 (89.4) 1048 (89.3) 905 (89.9) 1032 (89.6)
Ethnicity-Pakistani/Asian 96 (8.3) 98 (8.4) 76 (7.5) 93 (8.1)
Ethnicity -Other 27 (2.3) 27 (2.3) 26 (2.6) 27 (2.3)
Cohort-BIB 200 (17.2) 203 (17.3) 162 (16.1) 191 (16.6)
Cohort-EDEN 145 (12.5) 146 (12.4) 109 (10.8) 149 (12.9)
Cohort-INMA 212 (18.2) 215 (18.3) 184 (18.3) 201 (17.4)
Cohort-KANC 196 (16.9) 198 (16.9) 151 (15) 197 (17.1)
Cohort-MOBA 211 (18.2) 212 (18.1) 245 (24.3) 222 (19.3)
Cohort-RHEA 198 (17) 199 (17) 156 (15.5) 192 (16.7)
Prenatal factors
maternal non-active smoker during pregnancy 988 (85) 998 (85.1) 859 (85.3) 981 (85.2)
Maternal active smoker during pregnancy 174 (15) 175 (14.9) 148 (14.7) 171 (14.8)
Birthweight (kg) 3.37 (0.5) 3.37 (0.5) 3.38 (0.52) 3.38 (0.5)
Gestational age (weeks) 39.57 (1.67) 39.58 (1.67) 39.59 (1.75) 39.59 (1.66)
Family Capital
Maternal Education (low) 165 (14.7) 166 (14.7) 140 (14.4) 157 (14.1)
Maternal Education (medium) 391 (34.8) 394 (34.8) 328 (33.8) 391 (35.1)
Maternal Education (high) 568 (50.5) 573 (50.6) 503 (51.8) 565 (50.8)
Family Affluence (low) 133 (11.5) 135 (11.5) 112 (11.1) 128 (11.1)
Family Affluence (medium) 462 (39.8) 466 (39.8) 394 (39.2) 450 (39.1)
Family Affluence (high) 565 (48.7) 570 (48.7) 499 (49.7) 572 (49.7)
Family Social Capital (low) 513 (47.7) 516 (47.5) 422 (45.8) 496 (46.7)
Family Social Capital (medium) 264 (24.6) 269 (24.8) 228 (24.7) 259 (24.4)
Family Social Capital (high) 298 (27.7) 301 (27.7) 272 (29.5) 307 (28.9)
Child factors
No passive smoke exposure 723 (63.8) 732 (63.9) 639 (64.5) 718 (63.8)
Passive smoke exposure 411 (36.2) 413 (36.1) 351 (35.5) 407 (36.2)
Physical Activity-Low 418 (36.9) 420 (36.8) 349 (35.3) 416 (37.1)
Physical Activity-Medium 336 (29.7) 341 (29.9) 295 (29.9) 330 (29.4)
Physical Activity-High 378 (33.4) 381 (33.4) 344 (34.8) 375 (33.5)
KIDMED diet score 2.81 (1.77) 2.82 (1.78) 2.88 (1.77) 2.84 (1.76)
Developmental measures
Height z-score 0.4 (0.97) 0.39 (0.98) 0.39 (0.96) 0.4 (0.98)
BMI z-score 0.43 (1.2) 0.43 (1.2) 0.4 (1.15) 0.42 (1.18)
Adiposity (BIA fat-mass %) 6.76 (4.01) 6.77 (4.01) 6.52 (3.9) 6.72 (3.95)
Working memory (3-back d') 1.1 (1.01) 1.1 (1.01) 1.13 (1) 1.1 (1.01)
Inattentiveness (ANT-HRT) 301.97 (90.38) 301.93 (90.46) 297.69 (89.36) 301.35 (89.84)
Fluid Intelligence (CPM) 25.87 (6.33) 25.86 (6.32) 26.12 (6.26) 25.95 (6.3)
Internalizing behaviors (CBCL) 6.49 (5.9) 6.48 (5.9) 6.36 (5.89) 6.52 (5.87)
Externalizing behaviors (CBCL) 6.81 (6.5) 6.82 (6.51) 6.67 (6.49) 6.74 (6.42)
Lung Function (FEV1) 99.26 (13.46) 99.25 (13.47) 99.16 (13.02) 99.17 (13.47)
Puberty not started 250 (46.6) 252 (46.5) 254 (49.7) 260 (48)
Puberty started (PDS >1) 287 (53.4) 290 (53.5) 257 (50.3) 282 (52)